Exam 5 original studying

Question 1

repressed memory therapists

Answer 1

they were responsible for a rash of repressed memory abuse cases in the mid-1990s
a lot based off of “The Courage to Heal” by Ellen Bass who is not an actual therapist

Question 2

Freudian seduction theory

Answer 2

originally stated that early childhood sexual abuse would cause hysteria in adulthood but later amended and stated even fantasties of abuse in childhood would cause hysteria as well

Question 3

dissociative amnesia

Answer 3

occurs when subject dissociates from traumatic memories and forgets them, can reappear as repressed memories

Question 4

repressed memories

Answer 4

memories which are typically traumatic in nature but can spontaneously resurface from living or through repressed memory therapy

Question 5

psychic structure

Answer 5

the psyche consists of the id, the ego, and the super ego

Question 6

id

Answer 6

according to Freud, the id is the powerful, entirely unconscious portion of the personality that contains all instincts and is therefore the driving force for the entire personality

Question 7

ego

Answer 7

according to Freud, the ego is the component of the personality that is responsible for locating events in the environment that will satisfy the needs of the id without violating the values of the superego [ego is like the self]

Question 8

superego

Answer 8

according to Freud, the superego is the internalized values that act as a guide for a person’s conduct [like society or morality]

Question 9

defense mechanisms

Answer 9

strategies available to the ego for dealing with the anxiety that comes from acknowledging reality - repression, projection, displacement, reaction formation, sublimation are all defense mechanisms

Question 10

sumblimation

Answer 10

a defense mechanism used to turn psychologically threatening impulses into socially appropriate behavior

Question 11

Timothy Leary

Answer 11

a psychologist who studied the interpersonal aspects of personality formation as well as the therapeutic use of LSD

Question 12

Wilhelm Fleiss

Answer 12

concocted an elaborate connection between the nose and the genitals with Freud because cocaine is a hell of a drug

Question 13

Fritz Perls

Answer 13

German psychologist who popularized clinical approach of Gestalt therapy

Question 14

Elizabeth Loftus

Answer 14

famous researcher who proved memory as fallible and suggestible, putting repressed memories”in question - questioned therapy used to recover them as well

Question 15

archetypes

Answer 15

according to Jung, an inherited predisposition to respond emotionally to certain categories of experience

Question 16

Gestalt principles of perception

Answer 16

Can People See In Closets
Continuity
Proximity
Similarity
Inclusiveness
Closure

Question 17

continuity

Answer 17

the tendency to experience stimuli that follow some predictable pattern as a perceptual unit

Question 18

proximity

Answer 18

the tendency to perceptually group together stimuli that are physically close

Question 19

similarity

Answer 19

the tendency to perceive as units stimuli that are physically similar to one another

Question 20

inclusiveness

Answer 20

when there is more than one figure, we are most likely to see the figure that has the greatest amount of stimuli/the thing that sticks out - this principle, when used properly, is what makes camouflage work

Question 21

closure

Answer 21

the tendency to perceive incomplete objects as complete

Question 22

Wolfgang Kohler

Answer 22

considered a founder of Gestalt psychology, focused on insightful learning in chimpanzees (puzzle box)

Question 23

why are memories repressed, according to Freud?

Answer 23

repression is the holding of memories in the unconscious mind because making them conscious would cause too much anxiety

Question 24

Freudian assumptions

Answer 24

1. personality is essentially a biological function
2. personality is like an energy system; hydraulics
3. our unconscious selves have a major influence
4. civilization is the result of widespread id repression

Question 25

Kurt Lewin

Answer 25

an early Gestalt psychologist, had ideas on life space and field theory, energy distribution in groups, etc.q

Question 26

what is the purpose of defense mechanisms, according to Freud?

Answer 26

they are unconscious methods of dealing with the anxiety-provoking aspects of reality

Question 27

rather than sex, what do existential psychologists claim are repressed thoughts?

Answer 27

thoughts of death are repressed

Question 28

criticisms of Freud

Answer 28

1. method of data collection is flawed
2. his terms aren’t and can’t be operationally defined
3. too dogmatic
4. sex is overemphaasized
5. there’s a self-fulfilling prophecy
6. psychoanalysis is lengthy, costly, and ineffective
7. there’s a lack of falsifiability

Question 29

Albert Camus

Answer 29

absurdist existential philosopher/novelist, focused on the psychological importance of of death in the “Myth of Sisyphus”

Question 30

Aspects of Insightful Learning [Kohler]

Answer 30

1) solution is arrived at suddenly and completely
2) performance is smooth and free of errors
3) solution retained for a long time
4. principle learned is easily generalized

Question 31

differences between neo-Freudians and Freudians

Answer 31

1) emphasized ego and self (conscious elements)
2) social and interpersonal causes of behavior
3) more post-adolescent development
4) role of culture and society

Question 32

Gestalt therapy focus

Answer 32

demands the client’s focus be on the here and now

Question 33

transpositional learning

Answer 33

organisms learn principles of relationships and once learned, the organism applies it to other, similar situations (Kohler’s chickens)

Question 34

Names of various neo-Freudians

Answer 34

Anna Freud, Alfred Adler, Carl Jung, Karen Horney, Erik Erikson

Question 35

What are the three forces of psychology?

Answer 35

1. behaviorism
2. psychodynamics/Freud
3. humanistic

Question 36

What is the basic problem with descriptions of the likely indicators/symptoms of abuse frequently given by RMT “clinicians”?

Answer 36

they’re very common symptoms that could be caused by a variety of things completely unrelated to possible repressed memories of past abuse

Question 37

existential anxiety

Answer 37

the feeling that results from confronting the unknown, in contemplating death or in making choices that change life circumstances. one cannot live an authentic life without experiencing anxiety

Question 38

Freud vs Jung on unconscious

Answer 38

Freud was all about the personal unconscious while Jung was concerned with the collective unconscious