Exam 5 - Opportunistic Infections Kania (not done) Flashcards
normal CD4 counts in adults (range)
800-1200
CD4 counts < ___, and especially < ___ are associated with the development of OIs
< 500
< 200
Initiation of ART during an acute OI is very useful in the management of OIs for which effective therapy is not available, what 3 did she list? (page 5)
-PML
-cryptosporidosis
-Kaposi’s sarcoma
3 disadvantages of immediately starting ART in the setting of an acute OI (page 5)
-IRIS
-overlapping or additive drug toxicities
-drug interactions between ART and OI therapy
IRIS is more likely to occur in pts with low CD4 counts (< ___ cells/mm3) and high HIV RNA levels (> _____ copies/mL)
< 50
> 100,000
if IRIS happens, it is most common within the first ___-___ weeks of ART
a. 1-2 weeks
b. 2-4 weeks
c. 4-8 weeks
d. 12-16 weeks
c. 4-8 weeks
Most clinicians wait for a clinical response to OI therapy, usually ___ weeks, before initiating ART. What is the one exception?
-2 weeks
-Start ART within 2 weeks of starting TB tx if CD4 < 50 or within 8 weeks if CD4 count is higher
IRIS tx: mild disease -> use _____ for fever and pain; use _______ _______ for bronchospasms
NSAIDs
inhaled corticosteroids
IRIS tx: severe disease
prednisone 1-2 mg/kg (or equivalent) daily for 1-2 weeks, followed by a taper)
T or F: steroids are commonly used in cryptococcal meningitis
F
