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1522 NSG > Exam 5:Hydration > Flashcards

Exam 5:Hydration Flashcards

1
Q

These S&S are of what disease: sunken eyes, confusion, thirst, fatigue, weak rapid pulse, low BP, weight loss, decreased urinary output

A

Hypovolemia

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2
Q

These S&S are of what condition:weight gain, ascites, edema, distended neck vein, crackles and wheezes heard in lungs, SOB, increased BP, bounding pulse

A

Hypervolemia

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3
Q

What are some nursing interventions for hypervolemia?

A

sodium-restricted diet, I&O, Daily weights, administer diuretics

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4
Q

These S&S are of what condition: tachycardia, hyperreflexia, oliguria/anuria, flaccid paralysis?

A

Hyperkalemia

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5
Q

These S&S are of what condition:decrease bowel sounds, constipation, ileus, polyuria, irritability, hyporeflexia, orthostatic hypertension

A

Hypokalemia

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6
Q

What causes hyperkalemia?

A

renal disease

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7
Q

What causes hypokalemia?

A

diarrhea, diuretics, renal failure, dietary deficiency

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8
Q

These S&S are of what condition: thirst, flushed skin, edematous, sticky membranes, dry swollen tongue, hypertension, unexplained wt gain, sunken eyes, bounding pulse(+4,+3)

A

Hypernatremia

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9
Q

These S&S are of what condition: cold clammy pale, decreased skin turgor, decreased BP, weak thready pulse(+1)

A

Hyponatremia

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10
Q

What are causes of Hypernatremia?

A

excess H20 loss, too much sodium intake

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11
Q

What are causes of hyponatremia?

A

vomiting, diarrhea, sweating, burns

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12
Q

What are some nursing interventions for Hypernatremia?

A

give water replacement, give hypotonic solutions`

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13
Q

What are some nursing interventions for Hyponatremia?

A

restrict water intake, give hypertonic solution

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14
Q

Place these groups in order from groups having largest amount of water to least amount of water being in body: Elderly, Infants, Men, Women

A

Infants(75%), Men(60%),Women(50%),Elderly(40%)

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15
Q

Is it osmosis or diffusion when a substance moves from higher to lower concentration?

A

Diffusion

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16
Q

Is it osmosis or diffusion when a substance moves from lower to higher concentration?

A

osmosis

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17
Q

What is normal pH?

A

7.35-7.45

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18
Q

What is normal PaO2

A

80-100

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19
Q

What is normal PaCO2?

A

35-45

20
Q

What is normal HCO3

A

22-26

21
Q

Is it alkalosis or acidosis when pH is increased?

A

alkalosis

22
Q

Is it alkalosis or acidosis when pH is decreased?

A

acidosis

23
Q

ROME=

A

Respiratory is Opposite; Metabolic is equal

24
Q

What is normal Na+-(Sodium) levels?

A

135-145

25
Q

What is normal Ca+(Calcium) levels?

A

8.5-10.0

26
Q

What is normal Mg+(Magnesium) levels?

A

1.5-2.5

27
Q

What is normal K+(Potassium) levels?

A

3.5-5.2

28
Q

Condition in which Calcium levels are less than 8.5; tetany,circumoral numbness, paresthesias, mental changes, seizures, spasms of laryngeal muscles

A

Hypocalcemia

29
Q

Condition in which the calcium levels are greater than 10; muscle weakness, slurred speech, anorexia, constipation, N&V, bone pain, polyuria, thirst

A

Hypercalcemia

30
Q

Condition in which Mg levels are less than 1.5; hyperactive DTR, neuromuscular irritability, muscle weakness, tremors, dsyrhthmias. alterations in mood and LOC

A

Hypomagnesia

31
Q

Condition in which Mg levels are greater than 2.5; flushing, lowered BP, vomitting, hypoactive DTR, drowsiness, muscle weakness, depressed respirations; Slows everything down

A

Hypermagnesia

32
Q

What is normal specific gravity?

A

1.005-1.030

33
Q

What is normal BUN?

A

10-20

34
Q

What is normal creatinine

A

0.7-1.2

35
Q

Condition in which Phosphate levels are less than 2.5; cardiomyopathy, acute respiratory failure, seizures, decreased tissue oxygenation, joint stiffness

A

Hypophosphatemia

36
Q

Condition in which phosphate levels are greater than 4.5; tetany, circumoral numbness, muscles spasms,

A

Hyperphosphatemia

37
Q

What is normal Phosphate levels?

A

2.5-4.5

38
Q

What is normal Chloride levels?

A

96-108

39
Q

COndition in which chloride levels are less than 96; agitation, irritability, weakness. seizures,coma

A

Hypochloremia

40
Q

Condition in which chloride levels are more than 108; tachypnea, lethargy, weakness, rapid deep respirations, hypertension, cognitive changes

A

Hyperchloremia

41
Q

What type of solution is it when fluid moves from ECF to ICF; lesser concentration of particles than plasma

A

Hypotonic

42
Q

What type of solution is it when fluid moves from ICF to ECF; greater concentration of particles than plasma

A

Hypertonic

43
Q

seizures are a symptom of high ______ levels

A

sodium

44
Q

heart rhythmias are a sign of high _____ levels

A

Potassium

45
Q

twitching or tetany is a sign of high ____ levels

A

Calcium

1522 NSG (13 decks)

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