Exam 4: Nutrition

Question 1

What are the essential nutrients?

Answer 1

fats, water, carbs, proteins, vitamins, minerals

Question 2

What is the rule of 6 for men?

Answer 2

106 plus 6 for each inch over 5 ft.

Question 3

What is the rule of 5 for women?

Answer 3

105 plus 5 for each inch over 5 ft.

Question 4

How do you find a women’s BMR?

Answer 4

wt X 10

Question 5

How do you find a men’s BMR?

Answer 5

wt X 11

Question 6

What would increase BMR needs?

Answer 6

exercise, activity, growth, infection, fever

Question 7

What would decrease BMR needs?

Answer 7

aging, prolonged fasting, sleep

Question 8

A BMI below 18.5 is considered?

Answer 8

underweight

Question 9

A BMI from 18.5 to 24.9 is considered?

Answer 9

Healthy weight

Question 10

A BMI of 25.0 to 29.9 is considered?

Answer 10

Overweight

Question 11

A BMI of 30 or higher is considered?

Answer 11

Obese

Question 12

What factors affect nutrition?

Answer 12

Developmental, lifestyle, religious practices, gender, ethinicity&culture, beliefs about food, personal preferences, medication, culture

Question 13

What is normal Hgb and what would decreased Hgb reveal?

Answer 13

12-18; anemia

Question 14

What is normal hematocrit? what would decrease and increase Hct reveal?

Answer 14

40-50%; decreased=anemia increased=dehydration

Question 15

What is normal blood glucose?

Answer 15

70-105

Question 16

what is normal Albumin? what would decreased levels reveal?

Answer 16

3.5-4.8;protein depletion

Question 17

what are age related changes affecting nutrition?

Answer 17

GI activity decreases, metabolism decreases, sense of taste and smell decrease, loss of teeth, change in lifestyle, gastric secretions slowed,

Question 18

what is the lack or loss of appetite for food?

Answer 18

anorexia

Question 19

what is the eating disorder characterized by episodes of of gorging followed by purging

Answer 19

Bulimia

Question 20

what is weight greater than 20% above ideal body weight

Answer 20

obesity

Question 21

what is indigestion?

Answer 21

dyspepsia

Question 22

what is difficulty swallowing?

Answer 22

dysphagia

Question 23

what is vomiting blood?

Answer 23

hematemesis

Question 24

what is belching?

Answer 24

eructation

Question 25

what is excessive thirst

Answer 25

polydipsia

Question 26

what is accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity

Answer 26

ascities

Question 27

what is an alternate form of feeding that involves passing a tube into the GI tract to allow instillation of the appropriate formula

Answer 27

Enteral Nutrition

Question 28

what is nourishment provided via IV therapy?

Answer 28

Parenteral nutrition

Question 29

what is prescribed for pt. who require nutrient supplementation through a peripheral vein because they have an inadequate intake of oral feedings

Answer 29

Peripheral Parenteral Nutrition

Question 30

What would increase a BMR?

Answer 30

exercise, activity, growth, infection, fever

Question 31

what would decrease a BMR?

Answer 31

aging, prolonged fasting, sleep

Question 32

what is the optimal weight recommended for optimal health?

Answer 32

Ideal Body Weight

Question 33

what is a visual exam of the lining of the esophagus, stomach and upper duodenum to diagnose inflammation, tumors or ulcers

Answer 33

Esophagogastoduodenoscopy (EGD)

Question 34

how do you prep a pt for an EGD?

Answer 34

NPO for 6-12 hours, consents form,

Question 35

what do you for a pt after an EGD?

Answer 35

observe for possible perforation(Fever,pain,dyspnea), check VS q 15 min; NPO til gag reflex returns, normal to have sore throat

Question 36

What diet would consist of only foods that are clear and liquid at room or body temperature; consisting of gelatin, fat-free broth, ice pops, clear juices(apple, cran,grape), coffee, tea

Answer 36

Clear Liquid Diet

Question 37

What diet would consist of all the items on clear liquid plus what turns liquid at room temp; consisting of milk, pudding, custard, plain frozen desserts, egss, cereal gruels, vegetable juices

Answer 37

Full Liquid Diet

Question 38

Where do carbs get absorbed?

Answer 38

Small intestine

Question 39

Where does protein digestion begin and end?

Answer 39

Begin in the mouth and ends in the small intestinc

Question 40

What is catabolim/ anabolism?

Answer 40

catabolism=breaking down; anabolism=building up

Question 41

what fats are solid at room temp?

Answer 41

saturated fats

Question 42

what fats are liquid at room temp?

Answer 42

unsaturated fats(found in plants)

Question 43

what is another word for gall stones?

Answer 43

cholelithiasis

Question 44

what is another word for inflammation of gall bladder?

Answer 44

cholecystitis