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1522 NSG > Exam 4: Hygience/Skin Integrity > Flashcards

Exam 4: Hygience/Skin Integrity Flashcards

1
Q

what is alopecia

A

baldness

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2
Q

what is caries

A

cavities of the teeth

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3
Q

what is cerumen

A

wax in external ear canals consisting of a heavy oil and brown pigment

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4
Q

what is gingivitis

A

inflammation of the gigivae or gums

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5
Q

what is halitosis

A

bad breath

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6
Q

what is edentulous

A

no teeth

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7
Q

what is stomatitis

A

inflammation of the oral mucosa

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8
Q

what is neuropathy

A

loss of feeling; numbness in limbs

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9
Q

what is pruritus

A

itching

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10
Q

what is ecchymosis

A

bruise

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11
Q

what is the function of the epidermis?

A

prevents entrance of microorganisms, allows for evaporation, protects skin against dehydration, permits absorption of topical medication

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12
Q

what is the function of the dermis?

A

provides tensile strength, provides mechanical support, protects underlying muscles, bone and organs, collagen-tough fibrous protein, contains blood vessels and nerves

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13
Q

what is the function of the subcutaneous tissue?

A

anchors skin layers, consists of adipose tissue and connective tissue, stores fat for energy, serves as an insulator and cushioning

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14
Q

What are some functions of the skin and mucous membranes?

A

protection, temperature regulation, sensation, Vitamin D production, breaks in the skin trigger immune system, absorption, elimination

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15
Q

What is purulent drainage?

A

pus

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16
Q

what is the separation of the layers of a surgical wound; may be partial, superficial or complete disruption of surgical wound

A

dehiscence

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17
Q

what is protrusion of the viscera through an incision

A

evisceration

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18
Q

what is an abnormal passage from an internal organ to the skin or from one internal organ to another

A

fistula

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19
Q

What is the process of being rendered free from moisture; dehydration?

A

desiccation

20
Q

What is softening through liquid; overhydration

A

maceration

21
Q

drainage containing blood

A

sanguineous

22
Q

drainage composed of clear

A

serous

23
Q

drainage composed of mixture of serum and RBC

A

serosanguineous

24
Q

what is the phase of wound healing that occurs immediately after the initial injury

A

hemostasis

25
Q

what is the phase of wound healing that lasts about 4-6 days; mildly elevated temp, pain and redness, fatigur

A

Inflammation phase

26
Q

what is the phase of wound healing that lasts for several weeks; new tissue froms the foundation for scar tissue development

A

Proliferation phase

27
Q

what is the phase of wound healing that begins about 3 weeks after injury possibly continuing for months/years; creates a scar

A

maturation phase

28
Q

what factors affect hygiene?

A

social practices, personal preferences, social economic status, cultural variables, physical conditions, cognitive issues

29
Q

what are some factors that affect skin integrity in neonates?

A

immature, layers loosly bound together, very thin, friction causes bruising, increased risk for infection

30
Q

what are some factors that affect skin integrity in toddlers?

A

layers more tightly bound, decreased risk for infection and skin irritation, risks due to more play and absence of hygienic habits

31
Q

what are some factors that affect skin integrity in adolescence?

A

Girls:estrogen increases vascularity
Boys: increased thickness and darkening in color
Sebaceous and sweat glands more active

32
Q

what are some factors that affect skin integrity in adult

A

elastic, well-hydrated, firm, smooth, depends on hygienic practices and environmental irritants

33
Q

what type of ulcer is long term, chronic condition; blood can get to feet, but can’t get back up

A

Venous Stasis Ulcer

34
Q

what type of ulcer is poor circulation; capillary refill is > 3 seconds, blood doesnt get down to the feet

A

Arterial Ulcer

35
Q

an ulcer that results when an area of the body (usually a bony prominence) is pressed against a hard surface and has reduced or totally occluded blood vessels for a period of time resulting in lack of oxygen to the tissues

A

Pressure Ulcer

36
Q

The higher the braden scale number the (less or greater) the risk is for having skin breakdowns?

A

less

37
Q

Stage of ulcer where the skin in intact, nonblanchable redness of localized area; area may be painful, firm, soft, warmer or cooler as compared to rest of tissue

A

Stage 1

38
Q

Stage of ulcer where there’s a partial thickness loss of dermis presenting as a shallow ulcer with slough, not skin tear, but a blister, or crater

A

Stage 2

39
Q

Stage of ulcer where there’s full thickness loss of tissue; subcutaneous fat may be visible; but bone tendon and muscle are not exposed; undermining and tunneling may be present

A

Stage 3

40
Q

Stage of ulcer where theres full thickness loss of tissue with exposed bone, tendon, muscle

A

Stage 4

41
Q

Stage that has full thickness loss but the base is covered by slough or eschar and until the slough and eschar are removed stage can’t be determined

A

Unstageable

42
Q

What is normal Hgb(Hemoglobin)?

A

12-18

43
Q

What is normal Hct(Hematocrit)

A

36-54%

44
Q

What is normal transferrin?

A

200-350

45
Q

what is normal FBS?

A

70-105

46
Q

What is normal albumin?

A

3.5-5.0

1522 NSG (13 decks)

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