Exam 4 - Ruminants Flashcards
congenital oral masses
dentigerous cyst or hamartoma
common bacteria in tooth root abscesses of sheep/camelids
trueperella pyogenes
what is associated with a “barker calf”
calf diphtheria (fusobacterium necrophorum)
bovine papular stomatitis virus
parapoxvirus
raised papules on hard palate, muzzle, oral mucosa, esophagus
young feedlot cattle
zoonotic
self-limiting
vesicular stomatitis virus
rhabdovirus
ptyalism from oral ulcers, inappetance, weight loss
indistinguishable from FMD (reportable)
summer/fall, spread by midge
contagious ecthyma (sore mouth/orf)
parapoxvirus
sheep/goats
self-limiting
zoonotic
Most common underlying cause of choke
megaesophagus
BVDV associated lesions
bloody diarrhea
lymphopenia/leukopenia
immunosuppressive - secondary bacterial infection
primary cattle
blue tongue associated lesions
primary sheep
seasonal
no diarrhea
malignant catarrhal fever associated lesions
individual NOT herd
no diarrhea
swollen LN
panophthalmitis
common signs of BVDV, bluetongue and MCF
fever
epitheliotropic (mucocutaneous lesions)
lameness
oral ulcers
depression
anorexia
primary rumen contractions
fermentation:
mix ingesta
stratification of rumen contents
sorts feed by particle size
abroad movement
enhances VFA absorption
enhances bacterial contact with feedstuff
secondary rumen contractions
eructation
left sided ping
LDA
rumen atony
pneumoperitoneum
right sided ping
RDA or abomasal volvulus
ascending colon gas (spiral colon)
cecal volvulus or dilation
pneumoperitoneum
rectal gas
4 functional causes of rumen bloat
- complete esophageal obstruction (choke) - acute
- partial esophageal obstruction - compression, restriction, neuromuscular - chronic
- frothy gas bloat
- failure to clear cardia (free gas bloat) - rumen weakness(hypocalcemia), rumen overfill, lateral recumbency, thoracic inflammation
sequelae of traumatic reticuloperitonitis
pleuritis
pericarditis
reticulum wall abscess
diagnostics for TRP
PE + observation
CBC - increased fibrinogen
abdominal exploratory
maybe - US, rads, abdominocentesis
whithers/scooch test - refuse to drop
sternal pressure/grunt test - arch more than normal
if TRP escalates to traumatic reticulopericarditis clinical signs
“shaggy heart” - right sided heart failure (jugular distension, brisket edema, washing machine murmur)
TRP treatment
give magnet
beta lactam abx
consider rumentomy
transfaunation with donor rumen fluid
obstructive “vagal” indigestion syndrome signs
chronic progressive abdominal distension
gradual weight loss, body condition loss
decreased fecal volume
papple shape abdomen
primary bacteria involved in rumen acidosis
streptococcus bovis
complications of rumen acidosis
polioencephalomalacia
laminitis
liver abscess
caudal vena cava syndrome
aspiration pneumonia
poor weight gain
pulmonary abscess
what is diagnostic of rumen acidosis
multiple cows rumen pH < 5.5
