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OSSF 2 > Exam 4- Female Reproductive Histology > Flashcards

Exam 4- Female Reproductive Histology Flashcards

1
Q

what are the primary germ cells in females?

A

oogonia

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2
Q

what forms the follicles?

A

oocyte (cluster oogonia) and surrounding granulosa cells

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3
Q

when does meiosis start in females?

A

at gestation

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4
Q

at what stage do oocytes remain until sexual maturity?

A

prophase I of meiosis I

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5
Q

what does it mean that females have unequal cytokinesis?

A

majority of cytoplasm to secondary oocyte
small daughter cell- first polar body

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6
Q

does meiosis finish without fertilization?

A

no- not meiosis II

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7
Q

at what stage is the oocyte arrested in most mammals?

A

metaphase II- has first polar body with secondary oocyte

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8
Q

do ova with their second polar bodies occur in the ovary?

A

no- fertilized and in the oviduct

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9
Q

what is the outermost layer of the ovary?

A

germinal epithelium

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10
Q

is the primary follicle responsive to hormones or gondadotropins?

A

no

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11
Q

what do luteal cells produce in the corpus luteum?

A

progesterone

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12
Q

what develops in the secondary follicle/late primary?

A

zona pelucida
theca cells

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13
Q

is the secondary follicle responsive to hormones and gonadotropins?

A

yes

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14
Q

what does aromatase produced by the granulosa cells do?

A

converts androgens to estrogen

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15
Q

where does fertilization take place?

A

ampulla of oviduct

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16
Q

where does capacitation take place in many animals?

A

isthmus of oviduct

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17
Q

what are the three layers of the oviduct?

A

inner mucosal layer
middle muscular layer
outer serosal layer

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18
Q

what two main cell types are in the mucosa of the oviduct?

A

simple columnar ciliated epithelial cells
secretory epithelial cells called “peg” cells

19
Q

what makes up the muscular layer of the oviduct?

A

inner circular layer
outer longitudinal layer

20
Q

what are the three main layers of the uterus?

A

mucosal: endometrium
fibromuscular: myometrium
outer serosal layer: perimetrium

21
Q

what are the two layers of the endometrium?

A

epithelium
lamina propria

22
Q

what are the three layers of the myometrium of the uterus?

A

stratum submucosum
stratum vasculare
stratum subserosum

23
Q

does the cervix have a muscularis layer?

A

no

24
Q

what is the uterine response to estrogen?

A

mucosa thickens
uterine glands elongate
myometrium becomes contractile

25
Q

is the cervix secretory?

A

during estrus and pregnancy

26
Q

what are the layers of the vagina?

A

tunica mucosa
tunica muscularis
tunica serosa

27
Q

what happens in the vagina during estrus (and proestrus)?

A

epithelium thickens and cornifies

28
Q

what are the secretory units of mammary glands?

A

alveoli

29
Q

where does each lactiferous duct empty into?

A

individual teat canal

30
Q

what are the secretory cuboidal or columnar epithelial cells in the alveoli responsive to?

A

prolactin

31
Q

what are the fetal membranes?

A

amnion
chorion
yolk sac
allantois

32
Q

what are the classifications of placentas based on gross shape?

A

diffuse
cotyledonary
zonary
discoid

33
Q

who has binucleate giant cells?

A

ruminants

34
Q

how many large blood vessels are in the umbilical cord?

A

four

35
Q

how can you recognize a primordial follicle?

A

surrounded by single layer of flat stromal cells
contain primary oocytes

36
Q

in what phase are primary oocytes arrested?

A

prophase I of meiosis I

37
Q

how can you recognize a primary follicle? what does it contain?

A

single layer cuboidal granulosa cells surround
primary oocyte

38
Q

how can you recognize a secondary follicle?

A

multiple layers granulosa cells
development zona pellucida and theca cells

39
Q

how can you recognize a tertiary follicle?

A

antrum develops
theca interna and externa differentiate

40
Q

what does the theca interna produce?

A

androgens/testosterone

41
Q

when does the oocyte complete meiosis I?

A

graafian follicle

42
Q

what do mural (granulosa) cells produce?

A

aromatase

43
Q

what performs luteolysis?

A

prostaglandin F2alpha

44
Q

who secretes placental lactogen?

A

ruminants

OSSF 2 (19 decks)

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