Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pathology > Exam 4 - Chapter 15. Larynx and GI Tract > Flashcards

Exam 4 - Chapter 15. Larynx and GI Tract Flashcards

1
Q

3

What is the larynx and where does it extend from?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

3

What does the closing mechanism of the larynx prevent?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

4

Is a laryngeal papilloma benign or malignant?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

4

What are two causes of laryngeal papillomas?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

4

What two age groups are affected by laryngeal papillomas?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

4

Clinical Features of Laryngal Papillomas:

  1. ______
  2. _____
  3. more aggressive in _____
  4. _____ lesions
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

4

What are two symptoms of laryngeal papillomas?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

4

What is the treatment for Laryngeal papillomas?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

4

Is a laryngeal nodule (singer’s nodule) benign or malignant?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

4

What are four causes of laryngeal nodules?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

4

What age group is affected by laryngeal nodules?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

4

Clincial features of laryngeal nodules:

  1. _____
  2. ______
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

4

What are two symptoms of laryngeal nodules?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

4

What is the treatment for laryngeal nodules?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

4

Are laryngeal carcinomas benign or malignant?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

4

What are two causes of laryngeal carcinomas?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

4

What age group is affecte dby laryngeal carcinomas?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

4

Clinical features of laryngeal carcinomas:

  1. _____
  2. ____
  3. _____
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

4

What are three symptoms of laryngeal carcinomas?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

4

What are four possible treatments for laryngeal carcinomas?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

8

What are the 7 components of the GI tract?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

11

What type of lesion is pharyngitis?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

11

What are two general causes of pharyngitis? What percent of the time does each occur?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

11

What are 5 examples of viral infections that could cause pharyngitis?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

11

What are two examples of bacterial infections that could cause pharyngitis?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

11

What are 5 less common causes of pharyngitis compared to viral and bacterial infections?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

11

What age groups are affected by pharyngitis?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

11

Clinical Features of Pharyngitis:

  1. _____
  2. _____
  3. ____
  4. ______
  5. _______
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

11

Symptoms of viral pharyngitis:

  1. ____
  2. ______
  3. _____
  4. ____-
  5. _____
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

11

Symptoms of bacterial pharyngitis:

  1. _____
  2. ____
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

11

What is the treatment for viral pharyngitis?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

11

What is the treatment for bacterial pharyngitis?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

13

Esophageal Disorders:

  1. ___
  2. ____
  3. ____
  4. ____
  5. _____
  6. _____
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

14

What are 6 causes of esophageal obstructions?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

14

What is atresia?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

14

What is stenosis?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

14

Waht is a fistula?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

14

What is Achalasia?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

14

Esophageal Obstruction Symptoms / Clinical Features:

  1. _____
  2. _______
  3. ______
  4. _____
  5. ______
  6. ______
  7. ______
  8. _______
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

14

What are three possible treatments for esophageal obstructions?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

14

What is another name for Esophageal Lacerations?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

14

What is Mallory-Weis syndrome?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

14

Causes of Mallory-Weis Syndrome:

  1. _____
  2. _____
  3. ______
  4. _____
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

14

Symptoms/Clinical Features of Esophageal Lacerations:

  1. ______
  2. ______
  3. _____
  4. _____
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

14

What is the treatment for Esophageal Lacerations?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

14

What is the Esophageal Varices?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

14

What is the cause of Esophageal Varices?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

14

Symptoms and Clinical Features of Esophageal Varices:

  1. _____
  2. _______: ____ and _____
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

14

What is the treatment for Esophageal Vaarices

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

14

What is the cause of Esophageal Webs?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

14

Symptoms of Plummer-Vinson Syndrome:

  1. _____
  2. _____
  3. ________
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

19

What group are esophageal webs most common in?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

19

Esophageal webs are assoviated with an increased risk of developing what?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

19

Are esophageal webs initially symptomatic or asymptomatic?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

19

Long term anemia associated with esophageal webs results in:

  1. ____
  2. ____
  3. ____
  4. _____
  5. ______
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

19

What are three treatments for esophageal webs?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

19

What is the cause of Esophagitis?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

19

What is a clinical feature of Esophagitis?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

19

Heartburn associated with Esophagitis can lead to the development of _______, which is the ________.

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

19

What gender and race are most affected by Esophagitis?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

19

Patients with Esophagitis are at an increased risk of _______.

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

19

What is the treatment for mild Esophagitis?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

19

What is the treatment for severe Esophagitis?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

19

Causes of Esophageal Carcinoma:

  1. ______
  2. _____
  3. ______
  4. _______
  5. ______
  6. _____
  7. ______
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

19

Symptoms / Clinical Features of Esophageal Carcinoma:

  1. ______
  2. _____
  3. _____
  4. ____ or _______
  5. ____
  6. _____
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

19

What are three treatments for Esophageal carcinoma?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

24

Disorders of the Stomach:

  1. _____
  2. ______
  3. _____
  4. _____
  5. _______
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

25

What are two causes of Hiatal hernias?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

25

Symptoms of Hiatal Hernias:

  1. ____
  2. _____
  3. ______
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

25

What are two treatments of Hiatal Hernias?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

25

What are 3 causes of Acute gastritis?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

25

What causes chronic gastritis?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

25

Symptoms of Gastritis:

  1. _____
  2. _____
  3. ______
  4. ______
  5. ______
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

25

What is the treatment for gastritis?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

25

Causes of Stomach Ulcers:

  1. _____
  2. ____
  3. _____
    4.. ______
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
76
Q

25

Symptoms of Stomach Ulcers:

  1. _____
  2. _____
  3. ____
  4. _____
  5. _____
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
77
Q

25

Treatment of Stomach Ulcers:

  1. ____
  2. ____
  3. ____
  4. _____
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
78
Q

25

What are 3 causes of stomach polyps?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
79
Q

25

What are the symptoms of stomach polyps?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
80
Q

25

How are stomach polyps found?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
81
Q

25

Are polyps mainly benign? What is the risk for developing cancer?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
82
Q

25

What is the treatment for polyps, especially those that are greater than 5 mm?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
83
Q

25

Causes of Stomach Carcinoma:

  1. ____
  2. ____
  3. ____
  4. ____
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
84
Q

25

When do symptoms of stomach carcinoma appear? What are the two symptoms?

A
85
Q

25

What are three treatments for Stomach Carcinomas?

A
86
Q

30

What are two syndromes that gastric polyps can be seen in?

A
87
Q

31

What is the inheritance pattern for Peutz-Jegher Syndrome?

A
88
Q

31

What is the mutation involved in Peutz-Jegher Syndrome?

A
89
Q

31

What kind of polyps are seen in PEutz-Jegher Syndrome?

A
90
Q

31

What does Hamartomatous mean?

A
91
Q

31

There is a high risk of developing what kind of malignancies in Peutz-Jegher Syndrome? (3 in the intestines, and 6 extra-intestinal).

A
92
Q

31

What is another name for Cowden Syndrome?

A
93
Q

31

What is the inheritance pattern for Cowden Synddrome?

A
94
Q

31

What is the mutation in Cowden Syndrome?

A
95
Q

31

Mucocutaneous Lesions in Cowden Syndrome:

  1. _____
  2. _______
  3. ______
A
96
Q

31

What head condition is seen in Cowden Syndrome?

A
97
Q

31

In Cowden Syndrome, _____ neoplasms of the ____, ____, or _____ develop.

A
98
Q

32

What are seen in the mouth, lips, genitalia, palms, and soles in Peutz-Jegher Syndrome?

A
99
Q

35

What are 9 disorders of the small and large intestine?

A
100
Q

36

What are two types of Inflammatory Bowel Disease?

A
101
Q

37

What is the common site of Chron’s disease?

A
102
Q

37

What is the distribution of Chron’s disease?

A
103
Q

37

What is the spread of Crohn’s Disease?

A
104
Q

37

What are 5 gross features of Crohn’s disease?

A
105
Q

37

What is the microscopic presentation of noncaseating granulomas?

A
106
Q

37

How is the inflammation described in Crohn’s disease?

A
107
Q

37

What are four complications of Crohn’s disease?

A
108
Q

37

What is the cancer risk in Crohn’s disease?

A
109
Q

37

What is the common site of Ulcerative colitis?

A
110
Q

37

What is the distribution of ulcerative colitis?

A
111
Q

37

What is the spread of ulcerative colitis?

A
112
Q

37

What are two gross features of Ulcerative colitis?

A
113
Q

37

What is the microscopic presentation of Ulcerative colitis?

A
114
Q

37

How is the inflammation described in Ulcerative Colitis?

A
115
Q

37

What is a complication of ulcerative colitis?

A
116
Q

37

What is the cancer risk for ulcerative colitis?

A
117
Q

38

Are skip areas seen in Crohn’s diasese? Ulcerative colitis?

A
118
Q

38

Is cobblestone mucosa seen in Crohn’s disease? Ulcerative colitis?

A
119
Q

38

Is there transmural involvement in Crohn’s Disease? Ulcerative Colitis?

A
120
Q

38

Is there rectal sparing in Crohn’s disease? Ulcerative Colitis?

A
121
Q

38

Is there perianal involvement in Crohn’s disease? Ulcerative colitis?

A
122
Q

38

Are there fistulas in Crohn’s disease? Ulcerative colitis?

A
123
Q

38

Are there strictures in Crohn’s disease? Ulcerative colitis?

A
124
Q

38

Are there granulomas in Crohn’s disease? Ulcerative colitis?

A
125
Q

41

What percent of patients with Crohn’s disease will present with perianal lesions?

A
126
Q

41

What percent of cases of Crohn’s disease also has ganulomas?

A
127
Q

44

What are the two Developmental Intestinal Anomalies?

A
128
Q

45

What is the cause of Meckel’s Diverticulum?

A
129
Q

45

Distribution of Meckel Cartilage:

  1. _______
  2. _______
  3. ________
A
130
Q

45

What are the symptoms of Meckel Diverticulum?

A
131
Q

45

What is the treatment for Meckel Diverticulum?

A
132
Q

45

What is the cause of Hirschsprung Disease?

A
133
Q

45

Distribution of Hirschsprung Disease:

  1. _____
  2. ______
A
134
Q

45

What are the symptoms of Hirschsprung Disease?

A
135
Q

45

What is the treatment for Hirschsprung disease?

A
136
Q

48

What are two vacsular inflammatory bowel diseases?

A
137
Q

49

What is the most common vascular disorder of the GI tract?

A
138
Q

49

Causes of Inflammatory Bowel Disease:

  1. ______
  2. ______
  3. ______
  4. _______
  5. ______
  6. _______
  7. _______
  8. ______
  9. _____
  10. ______
  11. ______
A
139
Q

49

What age group is Ischemic Bowel Disease most commonly seen in?

A
140
Q

49

What are the gross features of Ischemic Bowel Disease?

A
141
Q

49

Symptoms of Ischemic Bowel Disease:

  1. _____
  2. ______
A
142
Q

49

What is the treatment for Ischemic Bowel Disease?

A
143
Q

49

Characteristics of Hemorrhoids:

  1. ______
  2. _______
A
144
Q

49

Causes of Hemorrhoids

  1. _____
  2. _____
  3. _____
  4. ______
A
145
Q

49

What age group are Hemorrhoids most commonly seen in?

A
146
Q

49

What is the gross feature of Hemorrhoids?

A
147
Q

49

Symptoms of Hemorrhoids:

  1. ______
  2. ____
  3. _______
  4. _____
  5. ______
A
148
Q

49

Treatments for Hemorrhoids:

  1. ____
  2. _____
  3. _____
  4. _____
  5. ______
A
149
Q

53

What are the characteristics of Colonic diverticulitis?

A
150
Q

53

What is the cause of Colonic Diverticulitis?

A
151
Q

53

What age group is affected by Colonic Diverticulitis in 50% of cases?

A
152
Q

53

Most patients with Colonic Diverticulitis are _____ (symptomatic or asymptomatic).

A
153
Q

53

Symptoms of Colonic Diverticulitis:

  1. ______
  2. ______
  3. _____
  4. _____
A
154
Q

53

Complications of Colonic Diverticulosis:

  1. _____
  2. _____
  3. ______
A
155
Q

53

Treatment and Prognosis for Colonic Diverticulosis:

  1. ____
  2. _____
  3. _______
A
156
Q

56

Characteristics of Pseudomembranous Colitis:

  1. _______, often caused by ________
  2. ________
  3. _____, a ____ organism
A
157
Q

56

Causes of Pseudomembranous Colitis:

  1. _____
  2. ________
A
158
Q

56

What age group is most affected by Pseudomembranous Colitis?

A
159
Q

56

Which age group is rarely affected by Pseudomembranous Colitis? Why might this be?

A
160
Q

56

Symptoms of Pseudomembranous Colitis:

  1. ______
  2. _______
  3. ___
  4. _____
  5. ______
  6. _____
A
161
Q

56

Complications of Pseudomembranous Colitis:

  1. _____
  2. _____
  3. ______
A
162
Q

56

Treatment and Prognosis of Pseudomembranous Colitis:

  1. ______
  2. _____
  3. ______
  4. _______
  5. _______
A
163
Q

59

What are two Malabsorption Syndromes?

A
164
Q

59

What is Celiac Disease?

A
165
Q

59

What is the cause of Celiac Disease?

A
166
Q

59

What is the age for Celiac Disease?

A
167
Q

59

Symptoms of Celiac Disease:

  1. ____
  2. _____
  3. _____
  4. _____
  5. _____
  6. ____
A
168
Q

59

What is the treatment of Celiac Disease?

A
169
Q

59

Complications of Celiac Disease:

  1. ____
  2. _____
  3. ____
  4. _____
  5. _____
  6. ______
  7. _____
A
170
Q

59

What is lactose intolerance?

A
171
Q

59

What is the cause of Lactose intolerance?

A
172
Q

59

What age group is most affected by lactose intolerance?

A
173
Q

59

Symptoms of Lactose Intolerance:

  1. ____
  2. ______
  3. _____
  4. _____
  5. ______
  6. ______
A
174
Q

59

What is the treatment for Lactose Intolerance?

A
175
Q

59

Complications of Lactose Intolerance:

  1. _____
  2. ______
  3. ______
A
176
Q

63

What is acute apendicitis?

A
177
Q

63

What is the cause of acute apendicitis?

A
178
Q

63

What are four things that can cause the obstruction that leads to acute apendicitis?

A
179
Q

63

What age can acute apendicitis be seen in?

  1. _____
  2. ______
  3. ______
A
180
Q

63

Symptoms of Acute Apendicitis:

  1. ________
  2. _____
  3. ______
  4. _____
  5. ______
  6. ______
  7. _____
A
181
Q

63

What is the treatment for Acute Apendicitis?

A
182
Q

63

Complications of Acute Apendicitis:

_______ - can cause ______ infection of ____ (____)_, ____, _____, _____.

A
183
Q

66

What are intestinal polyps? What is their diameter?

A
184
Q

66

Risk Factors for Intestinal Polyps:

  1. ____
  2. ______
  3. _____
  4. _____
  5. ____
  6. ____
  7. _____
  8. _____
A
185
Q

66

What age and gender are intestinal polyps most commonly seen in?

A
186
Q

66

Symptoms of Intestinal Polyps:

  1. ______
  2. ______
  3. _____
  4. ____
  5. ______
A
187
Q

66

What is the treatment for Intestinal Polyps?

A
188
Q

66

Complications of Intestinal Polyps:

  1. _____
  2. ______
  3. ______
A
189
Q

67

What is characteristic of Gardner’s Syndrome?

A
190
Q

69

What is the inheritance pattern of Familial Adenomatous Polyposis?

A
191
Q

69

What is the mutation associated with Familial Adenomatous Polyposis?

A
192
Q

69

Clinical Features of Familial Adenomatous Polyposis

  1. __________, sifnificantly elevating __________
  2. Individuals with those condition commonly develop ________, heightening their susceptbility to _______, ______, ______, and _____.
A
193
Q

69

Colonic Features of Familial Adenomatous Polyposis:

  1. _____
  2. _____
  3. _____
A
194
Q

69

Treatment of Familial Adenomatous Polyposis:

  1. ______
  2. ______
  3. _______
A
195
Q

69

Complications of Familial Adenomatous Polyposis:

  1. _______
  2. ______
  3. ______
  4. _____
  5. ______
  6. _____
  7. ______
  8. ______
A
196
Q

72

What is the inheritance pattern of Gardner Syndrome?

A
197
Q

72

Gardner Syndrome is distinguished by ________ in addition to the _______, Adenomatous Polyposis Coli gene mutations.

A
198
Q

72

Clinical FEatures of Gardner Syndrome

  1. __________, significantly elevating their ________ if left untreated.
  2. Patients commonly develop heightened susceptibility to _______, _______, ______. and _____.
A
199
Q

72

Colonic features of Gardner Syndrome:

  1. ____
  2. ______
  3. _______
A
200
Q

72

Extracolonic Features of Gardner Syndrome:

  1. _______
  2. ____
  3. _____
  4. ______
  5. ______
  6. ________
A
201
Q

72

Treatment of Gardner Syndrome:

  1. _____
  2. ______
  3. _____
A
202
Q

76

Where do colorectal cancers develop?

A
203
Q

76

What is the second leading cause of cancer deaths?

A
204
Q

76

Symptoms of Colorectal Carcinoma:

  1. _____
  2. ______
  3. _____
  4. ____
  5. ______
A
205
Q

76

Risk factors:

  1. _____
  2. _____
  3. ______
  4. _______
  5. ______
A
206
Q

76

Prevention of Colorectal Cancers:

  1. ____
  2. _____
  3. _____
A
207
Q

76

Treatment of Colorectal Carcinomas:

  1. ____
  2. _____
  3. _____
  4. _______
A
208
Q

76

Complications of Colorectal Cancer:

  1. _____
  2. ______
  3. ______
  4. ______
  5. ______
A

Pathology (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions