EXAM 4 Flashcards
whats a nucleaus
group of cell bodies in CNS
whats a ganglion
group of cell bodies in PNS
whats a tract
group of axons in CNS
whats a nerve
group of axons in PNS
what are the three tracts of the cerebral cortex
association, commisual, and projection
where do association tracts take info
relay infor on same side of hemisphere
where do commissural tracts take info
info crosses between hemispheres
where do projection tracts take info
coming into or leaving the brain
what is the insula
integrates automatic information associated to visceral function
what does wernikes area do
integrates language meaning
what does brocas area do
facilitates physical speech
what is the basal nuclei
3 centers of cell bodies deep in gray matter of cerebrum
what are the functions of the basal nuclei
initiate and terminate movements, suppress unwanted movement, regulate muscle tone, control of subconscious contraction skeletal movement
what are the names of the three basal nuclei
putamen, globus pallidus, caudate nucleaus
what is the function of the putamen
anticipates/ precedes body movement
function of the globus pallidus
regulate muscle tone
function of the caudate nucleaus
regulates eye movement
what structure separates the cerebellum
central vermis
what is the internal white matter of the cerebellum called
arbor vitae
what are the two components of the epithalamus
pineal gland and habenular nuclei
what is the function of the habular nuclei
emotional responses to odors
what forms the walls of the third ventricle
thalamus
what are the two respitory centers in the pons
apneuistic and pnuemotaxic center
what is the function of the apneuistic center
controls depth of breathing
what is the function of the pnuemotaxic center
controls the rate of the breathing
what is the function of the superior colliculi
reflexes for visual stimuli
what is the function for inferior colliculi
auditory pathway that initiates startle reflex
what is the function of substansia negra
release dopamine and control subconscious muscle activity
what is the function of the red nucleas
voluntary muscle contractions
what type of tracts does the posterior coloumn have
ascending sensory tracts
what type of tracts does the anterior coulmn have
descending motor tracts
function of the dorsal root of the spinal nerve
carries afferent sensory information
what is the function of the dorsal root ganglion
sensory neuron cell bodies (PNS)
what is the function of the ventral root of spinal nerve
carries efferent motor information
lateral and anterior corticospinal tracts
carry AP from primary motor cortex, to lower alpha motor neurons
Rubrospinal, Tectospinal, Vestibulospinal, and Lateral, Medial and Reticulospinal Tracts
Carry APs from the brainstem to tolower (α-) motor neurons
ateral and Anterior Spinothalamic Tracts and the Posterior Column
Carry APs from sensory receptors to the cerebral cortex–Spinothalamic tracts provide pain, temp, itching, tickling, deep pressure and crude touch–Posterior column tracts provide light pressure, vibration, conscious proprioception and discriminative touc
Posterior and Anterior Spinocerebellar Tract
Carry APs from proprioceptors to the cerebellum (subconscious proprioceptio
what structure senses the stretch reflec
muscle spindle
what structure senses the tendon reflex
golgi tendon organ
what structure senses the flexor reflex
nocioreceptors
what is the sympathetic ns nickname
thoracolumbar
Sympathetic: preganglionic nerves release____ and postganglionic release____
ACh and NE
what are the two types of receptors in the Sympathetic NS
cholinergic and adrenergic receptors
what neurotransmitter does cholinergic receptor bind to
ACh
what neurotransmitter does adrenergic receptor bind to
NE and epinephrine
Sympatehtic: pregang neruon is ____ and post gang neuron is ____
short and long
which nervous sytem innervate the walls of blood vessels
sympathetic
which nervous system innervates the sweat glands
sympathetic
what is the nickname of the parasympathetic ns
craniosacral
what are the 4 cranial nerves that are a part of the parasympathetic ns
occulomotor, facial, glossopharyngeal, vagus
Parasympathetic: pregang neuron is ____ postgang neuron is ____
long and short
what is the name of CN I
Olfactory
what is the name of CN II
Optic
What is the name of CN III
Occulomotor
what is the name of CN IV
Trochlear
what is the name of CN V
Trigeminal
what is the name of CN VI
Abducen
what is the name of CN VII
Facial
what is the name of CN VIII
Vestibulocochlear
what is the name of CN IX
Glosopharangyeal
what is the name of CN X
Vagus
what is the name of CN XI
Accessory
what is the name of CN XII
Hypoglossal
