Exam 4

Question 1

The sensation of thirst results from
Select one:
a. stimulation of baroreceptors.
b. a decrease in the osmolality of the extracellular fluid.
c. hypertension (increased blood pressure).
d. an increase in the plasma volume.
e. stimulation of osmoreceptor cells in the hypothalamus.

Answer 1

e. stimulation of osmoreceptor cells in the hypothalamus.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a buffer system of the body?
Select one:
a. Phosphate buffer system
b. Protein buffer system
c. NaCl buffer system
d. Hemoglobin buffer
e. Bicarbonate buffer system

Answer 2

c. NaCl buffer system

Question 3

Adequate image absorption from the GI tract depends on
Select one:
a. serum image levels.
b. the osmolality of the extracellular fluid.
c. adequate amounts of vitamin C.
d. serum calcitonin levels.
e. adequate amounts of vitamin D.

Answer 3

e. adequate amounts of vitamin D.

Question 4

Calcium’s roles in the body include
Select one:
a. action potentials in heart muscle.
b. blood clotting.
c. bone health.
d. muscle contraction.
e. All of the choices are correct

Answer 4

e. All of the choices are correct

Question 5

Renin is released by the_________.
Select one:
a. spleen
b. pancreas
c. kidney
d. lungs
e. liver

Answer 5

c. kidney

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a principle sensor for thirst regulation?
Select one:
a. Osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus
b. Mouth mucosa
c. Juxtaglomerular apparatus
d. Arterial baroreceptors

Answer 6

b. Mouth mucosa

Question 7

Which of the following does not belong with the others?
Select one:
a. image concentration increases
b. Acidosis
c. pH increases
d. Carbonic acid levels increase
e. pH decreases

Answer 7

c. pH increases

Question 8

Angiotensin II increases blood volume by stimulating
Select one:
a. water movement into the cells.
b. renal excretion of image.
c. thirst.
d. vasodilatation.
e. ADH production.

Answer 8

c. thirst.

Question 9

Fertilization can only occur
Select one:
a. when there is no menstrual flow.
b. after oxytocin is released from the hypothalamus.
c. when a sperm cell penetrates a secondary oocyte.
d. if orgasms occur in both the male and female.
e. on day 14 of the cycle.

Answer 9

c. when a sperm cell penetrates a secondary oocyte.

Question 10

Assume a couple has just completed intercourse, and sperm cells have been deposited in the woman’s reproductive tract. Trace the pathway of the sperm cells through the female reproductive tract to the point where fertilization will most likely occur.
(1) Cervix
(2) Uterine tube
(3) Cavity of uterus
(4) Vagina
Select one:
a. 1, 2, 3, 4
b. 4, 3, 2, 1
c. 1, 3, 2, 4
d. 4, 3, 1, 2
e. 4, 1, 3, 2

Answer 10

e. 4, 1, 3, 2

Question 11

Sexual drive in females
Select one:
a. can be affected by psychological factors.
b. is influenced by androgens that affect the hypothalamus.
c. All of the choices are correct.
d. is dependent on hormones.

Answer 11

c. All of the choices are correct.

Question 12

Given the following glands, choose the arrangement that represents the order in which the glands release their secretions to form semen.
(1) Prostate gland
(2) Bulbourethral glands
(3) Seminal vesicles
Select one:
a. 2, 1, 3
b. 2, 3, 2
c. 3, 1, 2
d. 1, 2, 3
e. 3, 2, 1

Answer 12

c. 3, 1, 2

Question 13

The major factor controlling the onset of puberty in males is
Select one:
a. the hypothalamus becoming less sensitive to the inhibitory effects of androgens.
b. the production of testosterone by the testes.
c. a decrease in GnRH levels.
d. None of the choices are correct.
e. the ability of the pituitary to secrete FSH and LH.

Answer 13

a. the hypothalamus becoming less sensitive to the inhibitory effects of androgens.

Question 14

Follicles in the ovary that are never ovulated
Select one:
a. proliferate.
b. undergo atresia.
c. become the corpus albicans.
d. undergo and complete meiosis in the ovary.
e. form secondary follicles.

Answer 14

b. undergo atresia.

Question 15

Fertilization occurs when the
Select one:
a. sperm cell head enters the zygote.
b. oocyte ruptures from the ovary.
c. sperm cells enter the vagina.
d. oocyte is implanted in the uterus.
e. nuclei of the secondary oocyte and the sperm cell unite.

Answer 15

e. nuclei of the secondary oocyte and the sperm cell unite.

Question 16

A primary oocyte with a single layer of granulosa cells is most appropriately called a_________.
Select one:
a. Graafian follicle
b. mature follicle
c. corpus luteum
d. primordial follicle
e. secondary follicle

Answer 16

d. primordial follicle

Question 17

A patient was evaluated with the following results noted: lack of response to pain stimuli, inability to maintain breathing without medical intervention, isoelectric EEG. These results indicate_________.
Select one:
a. brain death
b. respiratory distress syndrome
c. minor damage to the cerebral cortex
d. trisomy 18

Answer 17

a. brain death

Question 18

The type of fetal monitoring that uses sound waves to visualize the developing fetus is a/an_________.
Select one:
a. fetoscopy
b. chorionic villi sampling
c. auscultation
d. amniocentesis
e. ultrasound

Answer 18

e. ultrasound

Question 19

If a female who is a carrier for a genetic disorder has a child with a male who is also a carrier for the same disorder, the probability that their offspring will have the disorder is_________.
Select one:
a. 0%
b. 100%
c. 50%
d. 25%

Answer 19

d. 25%

Question 20

A patent ductus arteriosus means that the_________ did not close.
Select one:
a. intraatrial septum
b. connection between the inferior vena cava and the abdominal aorta
c. connection between the pulmonary trunk and the aorta
d. intraventricular septum
e. umbilical arteries and veins

Answer 20

c. connection between the pulmonary trunk and the aorta

Question 21

Type AB of the ABO blood group is an example of_________.
Select one:
a. polymorphism
b. recessiveness
c. complete dominance
d. codominance
e. incomplete dominance

Answer 21

d. codominance

Question 22

Regarding fertilization, which of the following events happens first?
Select one:
a. The acrosomal reaction
b. The slow block to polyspermy
c. The cortical reaction
d. The fast block to polyspermy

Answer 22

a. The acrosomal reaction

Question 23

Colostrum differs from milk in that it contains_________.
Select one:
a. no antibodies
b. more protein
c. little fat
d. more fat
e. more lactose

Answer 23

c. little fat

Question 24

The specific location of a gene on a chromosome is its_________.
Select one:
a. locus
b. homolog
c. allele
d. genotype
e. phenotype

Answer 24

a. locus

Question 25

The lungs develop from
Select one:
a. an evagination from the foregut.
b. somitomeres.
c. neural crest cells.
d. an invagination from the hindgut.
e. an evagination from the floor of the diencephalon.

Answer 25

a. an evagination from the foregut.