Exam 4

Question 1

What type of innervation stimulates contraction of the Internal Urethral Sphincter?

Answer 1

Sympathetic innervation

Question 2

What are the effects of Sympathetic Stimulation on the Urinary Tract?

Answer 2

• Vasoconstriction of renal vessels

- Contraction of Internal Urethral Sphincter

Question 3

What are the effects of Parasympathetic Stimulation on the Urinary Tract?

Answer 3

• Relaxation of Internal Urethral Sphincter

- Contraction of detrusor muscle in bladder wall for urination

Question 4

What are the effects of Sympathetic Stimulation on the Rectum?

Answer 4

• Maintains tonus of Internal Anal Sphincter

- Inhibits peristalsis of the Rectum

Question 5

What are the effects of Parasympathetic Stimulation on the Rectum?

Answer 5

• Relaxation of the Internal Anal Sphincter

- Stimulates peristalsis of the Rectum for defecation

Question 6

What are the effects of Sympathetic Stimulation on the Genital System?

Answer 6

• Causes ejaculation

- Stimulates vasoconstriction (remission of erection)

Question 7

What are the effects of Parasympathetic Stimulation on the Genital System?

Answer 7

Stimulates engorgement of erectile tissue (produces erection)

Question 8

What nerves provide Sympathetic fibers to the Hypogastric/Pelvic Plexuses?

Answer 8

Lumbar Splanchnic Nerves

Question 9

What nerves provide Parasympathetic fibers to the Hypogastric/Pelvic Plexuses?

Answer 9

Pelvic Splanchnic Nerves

Question 10

Which two nerve bundles are responsible for innervating the pelvic viscera?

Answer 10

• Lumbar Splanchnic Nerves

- Pelvic Splanchnic Nerves

Question 11

What type of ANS fibers comprise Lumbar Splanchnic Nerves?

Answer 11

Sympathetic fibers

Question 12

What type of ANS fibers comprise Pelvic Splanchnic Nerves?

Answer 12

Parasympathetic fibers

Question 13

Why do the Sympathetic fibers in the Pelvis not produce Pilomotion or Vasomotion?

Answer 13

Because the pelvis does not include a cutaneous area

Question 14

How do Parasympathetic fibers reach the external genitalia in males?

Answer 14

Parasympathetic fibers from the Prostatic Plexus penetrate the pelvic floor to reach the erectile tissue

Question 15

What specific nerve is responsible for causing an erection in males?

Answer 15

Cavernous Nerve

Question 16

What type of a nerve fibers comprise the Cavernous Nerve?

Answer 16

Post-ganglionic Parasympathetic fibers

Question 17

Where does the Cavernous Nerve arise from?

Answer 17

Cell bodies in the Inferior Hypogastric Plexus

Question 18

What nerve must be protected during a Prostatectomy?

Answer 18

Cavernous Nerve

Question 19

What surgical technique was created to avoid injury to the Cavernous Nerve during a Prostatectomy?

Answer 19

Nerve-Sparing Prostatectomy

Question 20

Describe: Nerve-Sparing Prostatectomy

Answer 20

Surgeon applies a small electric stimulus to the nerve and measures the erectile function with a Penile Plethysmograph

Question 21

Describe: Erection

Answer 21

Parasympathetic response from Cavernous Nerve

Question 22

How does the Cavernous Nerve produce an erection?

Answer 22

• Cavernous Nerve dilates the Deep Artery of the Penis
• Corpora Cavernosa fills with blood
• Deep Fascia causes Corpora Cavernosa to compress the Deep Dorsal Vein causing an erection