Exam 3: syntax Flashcards

1
Q

Define syntax

A

analysis of phrase and sentence structure
study of the system of rules and categories that underlies sentence structure

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2
Q

define grammar

A

represents a speakers linguistic knowledge of phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax and semantics

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3
Q

the action of combining words togethers to form phrases or sentences

A

merge

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4
Q

words that provide a grammatical function or grammatical information

A

non lexical

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5
Q

replacing a group of words with a single word or phrase to determine if that group of words is a phrase

A

substitution test

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6
Q

inclusion of do/did/does to create a deep structure that can be made into a yes/no question

A

do insertion

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7
Q

placing a group of words in a different location within the same sentence to determine if the group of words constitutes a phrase

A

movement test

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8
Q

the action of changing the location of words in a deep structure to form a different type of structure

A

move

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9
Q

words that provide semantic content, words that can be inflected

A

lexical

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10
Q

combining similar lexical phrase together to determine if they constitute a complete phrase

A

coordination test

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11
Q

change in location of modal auxiliary or non model auxiliary to create a question

A

yes/no insertion

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12
Q

example of adjective phrase

A

happy

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13
Q

example of noun phrase

A

doctor

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14
Q

example of simple sentence

A

he goes to the gym

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15
Q

example of prepositional phrase

A

in the car

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16
Q

example of verb phrase

17
Q

example of sentence with complementary phrase

A

she thinks that he should go to the store

18
Q

example of sentence with relative clause

A

my friend, who is in my class, asked me to study

19
Q

example of modal auxiliary verb

20
Q

example of non modal auxiliary verb

21
Q

example of phrase with coordination

A

I like reading and writing

22
Q

example of verb phrase with adverb

A

always running

23
Q

example of sentence using present progressive tense

A

I am walking with my dog

24
Q

example of sentence using “are” as a copula

A

the cars are loud

25
example of subjective pronoun
she
26
example of objective pronoun
him
27
example of possessive pronoun
mine
28
example of sentence using past progressive tense
my dog was barking while I was sleeping
29
provide example of gerund
Walking (gerund) is my favorite activity
30
example of sentence in first person
I am going to the store
31
example of sentence in third person
they ate at the restaurant
32
Identify the structural subject and object and the logical subjects and objects in the following sentence. Note if it is a passive or active sentence. The cake was baked by the professional baker.
Logical subject: the professional baker logical object: the cake structural subject: the cake structural object: the professional baker Passive sentence