Exam 1: phonology Flashcards
What is cross adoption acquisition and what are the stages?
Attrition L1 while learning L2
3-6 months: lose first language
8-10 months: learn new sound system
after 2 years: equal skills to monolingual children
what is successive language acquisition and what are the stages?
1 language at home and 1 with peers usually in school
Child uses L1 in L2 environment
non-verbal stage: working to comprehend
speaking: single words, short phrases, high frequency statements
3-5 years: English used creatively in conversation and academics
What is simultaneous language acquisition and what are the stages?
2 languages prior to age of 3
2 separate lexical systems: no overlap
2 lexical systems with same syntactic rules
lexical system and syntactic rules from each
Differences between reduplicated, variegated, and marginal babbling
reduplicated (6-7 mo): repetition of consonant-vowel syllables
Variegated (7-10 mo): shows changes is CV1CV2
Marginal (5 mo): slow alteration between vowels and consonant
individuals knowledge of their language system
linguistic knowledge
share characteristics of both vowel and consonant
features
study of the articulation and perception of phonemes
phonetics
small puff of air produced with stops
aspiration
study of word formation
morphology
study of the mental processes and representations of language
psycholingusitcs
spoken segments
allophone
core of a syllable
nucleus
properties sounds including pitch length and stress
suprasegmentals
less sonorant segment after nucleus
coda
study of sentence formation
syntax
components shared by all languages
universality
pitch used to signal a difference in meaning
tone
pitch movement not related to word meaning
intonation
sounds made with narrow or complete obstruction in vocal tract
consonants
one or more segments combined, must include vowel
syllables
individuals use of speech/languages
linguistic performance
an individual speech sound
segment
segments varying by a single articulatory feature
minimal pair
study of the patterning and organization of segments
phonology
specifics to a given language
particulars
a single aspect of articulation
feature
descriptive study of nature and use of language
linguistics
representation of a segment in the mind
phoneme
type of sound made with little to no obstruction in vocal tract
vowel
less sonorant segment before the nucleus
onset
nucles+optional coda
rhyme
vocables
phonetically consistent forms
words varying by only a single segment with different meanings
minimal pairs
phonotactics
set of rules regarding segment arrangement
preference for vowels
1 month
recognition and imitation of intonation
birth to 6 months
phoneme level of phonological awareness
6-7 months
discrimination of phonemes
8-10 mos
comparison of sounds to model; native lang specific
6 mo
syllable level phonological awareness
4-5 yrs
discrimination of sequences of phonemes
6-7 years
Sequence the following expressive phonological skills 1-8
gooing, cooing , glides, nasals
marginal babbling
first words, monosyllabic
vowels and trills, minimal fricatives
variegated babbling, mix stress/unstressed stops
reduplicated babbling, vocables
nasal vowels
loss devoicing of final consonants
- gooing, cooing , glides, nasals
- vowels and trills, minimal fricatives
- marginal babbling
- reduplicated babbling, vocables
- nasal vowels
- variegated babbling, mix stress/unstressed stops
- first words, monosyllabic
- loss devoicing of final consonants
