Exam #3: Leadership in Nursing and Nursing Organizations Flashcards
Leadership Defined
“the strategic use of power to move others towards a shared vision”
3 groups in this statement: power, individuals or groups, shared vision or goals
Leader vs. Manager
Leadership is an essential part of effective management, but you do not have to be a manager to be a leader
Leadership vs. Management
Leadership:
- based on influence
- an informal role
- an achieved position
Management:
- based on authority
- a formally designated role
- an assigned position
Leadership Theories
Great Man Theory
Behavioral Theory
Transactional Theories
Transformational Theories
Great Man Theory
Some are born to lead, others are born to be led
One of the oldest leadership theories
Behavioral Theories
Based on motivators and how much control followers have in the decision making process
- Autocratic:
- -leader gives orders and makes decisions for groups
- -leader bears most responsibilities for outcomes - Democratic
- -leader shares planning process and decision making and some of the responsibility of outcomes with the group
- -great for unit policy making - Laissez-Faire
- -does little planning or decision making
- -doesn’t encourage others to participate
Transactional Theories
people are motivated by rewards and punishments
leader delegates task
followers complete task based on reward system
Transformational Theories
creates a shared vision
proactive
leader and group have a collective purpose
encourages participation and motivation
Leadership Qualities
integrity courage initiative energy optimism perseverance balance ability to handle stress self-awareness
Integrity
Leader must be honest, law abiding, ethical
Courage
Taking risks as needed
Initiative
To ACT on good ideas
Energy
To be able to work hard and have sufficient effort to compete the task
Optimism
Be positive in not so great situations
Perseverance
Not giving up too easily
Balance
Balance between work with your personal life
Ability to Handle Stress
Cope with stress in positive and healthy manner
Self-Awareness
Understand themselves, motivations, values…
Effective Leader Behaviors
Think critically Solve problems Respect people Communicate skillfully Set goals and a vision for the future Develop oneself and others
Change
“…the process of making something different from what it was.” [Sullivan and Decker]
May be planned or accidental
Change agent: the one who works to bring about change
Lewin’s Model of Change
One of the more basic, common theories of change Includes: --unfreezing --moving --refreezing
Unfreezing
Leader builds trust and recognition for need to change to motivate people to get ready for change and actively gets people to participate in identifying problems and coming up with alternate solutions
–more likely to accept the change if they have been involved in the changing process
Moving
Encourage people to view a problem from a new perspective and then move to accept the change
Refreezing
Reinforcing new patterns of behavior to develop formal/informal mechanisms to institutionalize the change
Evaluate the effect of change
