Exam #3: Leadership in Nursing and Nursing Organizations Flashcards
Leadership Defined
“the strategic use of power to move others towards a shared vision”
3 groups in this statement: power, individuals or groups, shared vision or goals
Leader vs. Manager
Leadership is an essential part of effective management, but you do not have to be a manager to be a leader
Leadership vs. Management
Leadership:
- based on influence
- an informal role
- an achieved position
Management:
- based on authority
- a formally designated role
- an assigned position
Leadership Theories
Great Man Theory
Behavioral Theory
Transactional Theories
Transformational Theories
Great Man Theory
Some are born to lead, others are born to be led
One of the oldest leadership theories
Behavioral Theories
Based on motivators and how much control followers have in the decision making process
- Autocratic:
- -leader gives orders and makes decisions for groups
- -leader bears most responsibilities for outcomes - Democratic
- -leader shares planning process and decision making and some of the responsibility of outcomes with the group
- -great for unit policy making - Laissez-Faire
- -does little planning or decision making
- -doesn’t encourage others to participate
Transactional Theories
people are motivated by rewards and punishments
leader delegates task
followers complete task based on reward system
Transformational Theories
creates a shared vision
proactive
leader and group have a collective purpose
encourages participation and motivation
Leadership Qualities
integrity courage initiative energy optimism perseverance balance ability to handle stress self-awareness
Integrity
Leader must be honest, law abiding, ethical
Courage
Taking risks as needed
Initiative
To ACT on good ideas
Energy
To be able to work hard and have sufficient effort to compete the task
Optimism
Be positive in not so great situations
Perseverance
Not giving up too easily
Balance
Balance between work with your personal life
Ability to Handle Stress
Cope with stress in positive and healthy manner
Self-Awareness
Understand themselves, motivations, values…
Effective Leader Behaviors
Think critically Solve problems Respect people Communicate skillfully Set goals and a vision for the future Develop oneself and others
Change
“…the process of making something different from what it was.” [Sullivan and Decker]
May be planned or accidental
Change agent: the one who works to bring about change
Lewin’s Model of Change
One of the more basic, common theories of change Includes: --unfreezing --moving --refreezing
Unfreezing
Leader builds trust and recognition for need to change to motivate people to get ready for change and actively gets people to participate in identifying problems and coming up with alternate solutions
–more likely to accept the change if they have been involved in the changing process
Moving
Encourage people to view a problem from a new perspective and then move to accept the change
Refreezing
Reinforcing new patterns of behavior to develop formal/informal mechanisms to institutionalize the change
Evaluate the effect of change
Power
“…the ability to influence the behavior of others to produce certain intended effects.”
Active or latent, applied directly or indirectly
Types of Power
Reward Coercive Legitimate Expert Referent Information Connection Collective
Reward Power
Based on perception of inducements offered for cooperation or contributions
Coercive Power
Based on perceptions of penalties or punishments the may be imposed
Legitimate Power
Stems from the manager authority associated with a job position and rank in an organizational hierarchy
Expert Power
Based on possession of unique skills, competence, and knowledge as well as development of personal abilities
Referent Power
Based on admiration or respect for an individual
Information Power
Based on access to valued data needed by others
Connection Power
Based on individuals formal/informal links to prestigious positions
Collective Power
Based on power in numbers
Increasing Nursing Power
Collaboration with physicians Life-long learning Joining professional nursing organizations Health-related political involvement Mentoring
NSNA
National Student Nurses’ Association
Founded in 1952
NSNA Mission
To mentor nursing students preparing for initial licensure as registered nurses and to convey the standard, ethics, and skills that students will need as responsible and accountable leaders and members of the profession
NSNA Fxns
NEED TO KNOW
Represent nursing students Influence standards of nursing education Influence healthcare throughout legislation Participate in community activities Promote interdisciplinary activities
NSNA Membership for Students
Pre-nursing: associate membership
Nursing: active membership
Membership dues vary by state
NSNA Activities
Community activities Support health and nursing education issues Interdisciplinary activiites Scholarship funds Imprint magazine Liability insurance
ANA
American Nurses Association
Founded in 1897
Overall spokesperson and agent for nurses and nursing
Membership is voluntary
Less than 10% of nurses belong
ANA Mission
Nurses advancing our profession to improve health for all
ANA Purposes
Work for the improvement of health standards and the availability of health care services for all people
Foster high standards of nursing
Stimulate and promote the professional development of nurses and advance their economic general welfare
ANA Membership
Registered professional nurses and graduate nurses through state membership
Dues vary by state and regions within state
ANA Activities
NEED TO KNOW
Accredits CEU courses Sets Standards of Practice Has registered lobbyists Does collective bargaining Has a nurse credentialing center Has a code of ethics for nurses
Tri-Council for Nursing
ANA
National League for Nursing (NLN)
American Association of Colleges in Nursing (AACN)
American Organization of Nurse Executives (AONE)
NLN Mission
The NLN promotes excellence in nursing education to build a strong and diverse nursing workforce
NLN 5 Major Themes
NEED TO KNOW
Nursing education Faculty development Nursing education research Data collection Assessment and evaluation
NLN Activities
Accreditation Publications Certified Nurse Educator Exam Funds Nursing Education Research Data Collection Testing Services
AACN
American Association of Colleges of Nursing
Focus: baccalaureate and graduate nursing education
Provides standards and resources
Fosters advancement in nursing education, research, and practice
Essentials for Baccalaureate Education for Professional Nursing Practice
Essential of Master’s Education for Advanced Practice Nursing
Essentials of Doctoral Education for Advanced Nursing Practice
AACN Activities
Accreditation through the Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education (CCNE)
Publications
Journal of Professional Nursing
Other Nursing Organizations
AACN
Association of Operating Room Nurses (AORN)
Association of Women’s Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses (AWHONN)
Emergency Nurses Association (ENA)
International Association of Forensic Nursing (IAFN)
Oncology Nursing Society (ONS)
American Holistic Nurses’ Association
National Black Nurses’ Association
National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN)
International Organizations
International Council of Nurses (ICN)
Sigma Theta Tau International
ICN
Established in 1900
Federation of national nurses’ association
130 national nurses associations representing 13 million nurses worldwide
International Code of Ethics
ICN Mission
Represent nursing worldwide, advancing the professional and influencing health policy
Sigma Theta Tau International
International honor society for nursing Membership by invitation Dedicated to improve health care through scholarship and practice excellence Promotes nursing research Journal of Nursing scholarship
What are the 3 elements in the definition of leadership?
Power
Others
Shared Vision
What is one journal that AACN produces?
Journal of Professional Nursing
Who thinks clearly, solves problems, and respects people?
An effective leader
How does collaboration with physicians, life-long learning, and joining professional nursing organizations affect nursing?
Increases nursing power
