Exam #2: Nursing Knowledge, Culture, and Teaching Flashcards
Qualities of a critical thinker
raising questions
gathers and assesses relevant data
arrives at solutions and conclusions and tests them against relevant standards
open-minded to other ideas
communicates effectively w/ others as solutions are formulated
What’s critical thinking?
process by which the thinker improves the quality of his/her thinking by skillfully taking charge of the structures inherent in thinking and imposing intellectual standards upon them
What’s clinical reasoning?
cognitive process used to understand the significant of patient data, to ID and diagnose actual or potential patient problems, to make clinical decisions to assist in problem resolution, and to achieve positive patient outcome
helping understand the relevance of info to a specific patient in a selective scenario taking into consideration all patient data in a holistic manner, looking at every aspect of info related to the patient
4 goals of nursing
promote health
prevent illness
restore health
facilitate coping
5 steps of nursing process
assessment analysis (diagnosis) planning implementation evaluation
Assessment
addresses gathering subjective (patient spoken) and objective (observations) data, confirming data, organizing data, and communication and documenting data
Analysis (diagnosis)
difficult b/c it requires understanding principles of responses and interpretation of data
requires critical thinking and determining rational for interviews
formulation of a nursing diagnosis and communication and documentation of the process of analysis
–ex: dysfunctional GI motility
prioritizing: Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Planning
determine goals and outcomes (short and long-term)
developing plan of care
communication and documenting data
Implementation
organizing and managing care, counseling and teaching, providing care to achieve est. goals, supervising and coordinating care, communication and documenting nursing interviews
You by yourself do NOT have to implement every nursing intervention
–can be performing them or delegating them to other healthcare workers
Evaluation
comparing actual outcomes w/ expected outcomes
evaluate the patient’s ability to implement self-care or the health team members’ ability to implement care
evaluate for change in plan of care
Clinical Judgement
informed opinions and decisions based on empirical knowledge and experience
develops over time w/ increased knowledge base and exposure to clinical scenarios
allows you to anticipate patient needs and potential complications
Developing clinical judgement (8)
uses references uses nursing process assess and set priorities systematically refuse to act w/out knowledge use resources wisely know standards of care know technology and equipment give patient-centered care
Cultural Humanity
entails developing a respectful partnership w/ diverse individuals, groups, and communities
Culture
pattern of learned behaviors and values that are reinforced through social interactions, shared by members of a particular group, and transmitted from one generation to the next
Cultural competency
nurses should provide “services that are respectful of and responsive to the health beliefs and practices and cultural and linguistic needs of diverse patient populations”
