Exam 3 Fungi Flashcards
Oplsthokonts, Unikonta
Fungi, Choanoflagellates, Animals
Fungi
Absorptive Heterotrophs
absorb nutrients outside of body
secrete hydrolytic enzymes, digest complex molecules
absorb smaller molecules
animals
ingestive heterotrophs
ingest food and digest internally
us
fungi two forms
yeasts- single cells
hyphae- multicellular filaments
hyphae
tubular cell walls
walls made of chitin
what is cell wall of plants differ from hyphae
plants have cellulosic walls
Mycelium
mass of hyphae
fungi as decomposers
vital breaking down terrestrial systems
How do fungi break down
macromolecules into smaller
subunits? Think about their form of nutrition.
they secrete enzymes that break down complex organic molecules
What is the main difference between fungal
and animal nutrition
Fungi absorb organic matter and animals
ingest organic matter
What are long, thin fungal filaments?
hyphae
Why are fungal hyphae long and thin
To disperse spores
plasmogamy
hyphae of different mating types
meet and fuse
Karyogamy
haploid nuclei from different parents
fuse, making diploid cells
meiosis
makes haploid spores, creates genetic
diversity
What is the dispersal stage of fungi
spores
Most fungi spend most of the time as
haploid
is when two haploid fungal
hyphae/spores fuse
plasmogamy
Plasmogamy makes a hyphae with nuclei from
two different sources, called a
karyogamete
When the two different nuclei finally fuse, it is
known as _____________, and makes a diploid
nucleus
karyogamy
What process makes haploid spores from the
diploid nucleus
meiosis
chytrids
Only fungi with flagellated spores
* Found in soil, lakes, & marine communities
cytrids ecological roles
cattle, other grazers
anaerobic fungi aid in digestion of cellulose in rumen
zygomycota
divided into
Mucoromycetes &
Zoopagomycota
many food molds
ascomycota
sac fungi
penicillium
beer, wine, bread, liquor
basidiomycota
club fungi, mushrooms
lichens
Fungi: Ascomycota or Basidiomycota
* Algae: cyanobacteria or green alga
Which group forms mychorrizae with more
than 80% of plant species?
glomeromycetes
Which group includes important
decomposers of wood?
Basidiomycetes
Which group includes many common food
molds
Zygomycetes
what two organisms are in a mychorrizae
fungus root
mycorrhiza are fungi that grow inside the plant’s roots, or on the surfaces of the roots
What two organisms are in a lichen
Ascomycota or Basidiomycota
Why are lichens ecologically important
fungus habitat, protection, retain
water and minerals
Why are fungi such good decomposers
fungi get all their nutrients from dead materials that they break down with special enzymes.
do not contain chlorophyll
