Exam 3 Fungi

Question 1

Oplsthokonts, Unikonta

Answer 1

Fungi, Choanoflagellates, Animals

Question 2

Fungi
Absorptive Heterotrophs

Answer 2

absorb nutrients outside of body
secrete hydrolytic enzymes, digest complex molecules
absorb smaller molecules

Question 3

animals
ingestive heterotrophs

Answer 3

ingest food and digest internally
us

Question 4

fungi two forms

Answer 4

yeasts- single cells
hyphae- multicellular filaments

Question 5

hyphae

Answer 5

tubular cell walls
walls made of chitin

Question 6

what is cell wall of plants differ from hyphae

Answer 6

plants have cellulosic walls

Question 7

Mycelium

Answer 7

mass of hyphae

Question 8

fungi as decomposers

Answer 8

vital breaking down terrestrial systems

Question 9

How do fungi break down
macromolecules into smaller
subunits? Think about their form of nutrition.

Answer 9

they secrete enzymes that break down complex organic molecules

Question 10

What is the main difference between fungal
and animal nutrition

Answer 10

Fungi absorb organic matter and animals
ingest organic matter

Question 11

What are long, thin fungal filaments?

Answer 11

hyphae

Question 12

Why are fungal hyphae long and thin

Answer 12

To disperse spores

Question 13

plasmogamy

Answer 13

hyphae of different mating types
meet and fuse

Question 14

Karyogamy

Answer 14

haploid nuclei from different parents
fuse, making diploid cells

Question 15

meiosis

Answer 15

makes haploid spores, creates genetic
diversity

Question 16

What is the dispersal stage of fungi

Answer 16

spores

Question 17

Most fungi spend most of the time as

Answer 17

haploid

Question 18

is when two haploid fungal
hyphae/spores fuse

Answer 18

plasmogamy

Question 19

Plasmogamy makes a hyphae with nuclei from
two different sources, called a

Answer 19

karyogamete

Question 20

When the two different nuclei finally fuse, it is
known as _____________, and makes a diploid
nucleus

Answer 20

karyogamy

Question 21

What process makes haploid spores from the
diploid nucleus

Answer 21

meiosis

Question 22

chytrids

Answer 22

Only fungi with flagellated spores
* Found in soil, lakes, & marine communities

Question 23

cytrids ecological roles

Answer 23

cattle, other grazers
anaerobic fungi aid in digestion of cellulose in rumen

Question 24

zygomycota

Answer 24

divided into
Mucoromycetes &
Zoopagomycota
many food molds

Question 25

ascomycota

Answer 25

sac fungi
penicillium
beer, wine, bread, liquor

Question 26

basidiomycota

Answer 26

club fungi, mushrooms

Question 27

lichens

Answer 27

Fungi: Ascomycota or Basidiomycota
* Algae: cyanobacteria or green alga

Question 28

Which group forms mychorrizae with more
than 80% of plant species?

Answer 28

glomeromycetes

Question 29

Which group includes important
decomposers of wood?

Answer 29

Basidiomycetes

Question 30

Which group includes many common food
molds

Answer 30

Zygomycetes

Question 31

what two organisms are in a mychorrizae

Answer 31

fungus root
mycorrhiza are fungi that grow inside the plant’s roots, or on the surfaces of the roots

Question 32

What two organisms are in a lichen

Answer 32

Ascomycota or Basidiomycota

Question 33

Why are lichens ecologically important

Answer 33

fungus habitat, protection, retain
water and minerals

Question 34

Why are fungi such good decomposers

Answer 34

fungi get all their nutrients from dead materials that they break down with special enzymes.
do not contain chlorophyll