Exam 3 - AOS Flashcards
what is AOS?
disorder of motor programming affecting timing and sequencing
AOS is NOT caused by:
muscle weakness
abnormal muscle tone
reduced ROM
decreased muscle steadiness
language or sensory deficits
________ AOS is rare!
Pure
2 subcategories of apraxia
ideational
ideomotor
3 subcategories of ideomotor apraxia
limb
nonverbal oral
AOS
ideomotor apraxia strengths
spontaneous or automatic movements
manipulating real objects
following GESTURAL commands (imitating)
ideomotor apraxia difficulties
voluntary movements
pantomiming
following VERBAL commands
neurological basis of AOS
motor speech programmer
perisylvian area of LEFT hemisphere
causes of AOS
disorders that damage motor speech programmer
-stroke
-degenerative diseases
-trauma
-tumor
most common cause of AOS
stroke
non-speech symptoms of AOS
limb apraxia
difficulty performing voluntary movements
groping
subsystems most affected w AOS
articulation
prosody
articulation
shaping of vocal airstream into phoneme via various articulators
prosody
melody of speech and using stress/intonation to convey meaning
substitutions (or likely distortions) of phonemes
AOS articulation speech characteristic
placement errors most common
AOS articulation speech characteristic
increased difficulty w fricatives
AOS articulation speech characteristic
consonant clusters more difficult than single consonants
AOS articulation speech characteristic
multi syllabic words more difficult than single syllable words
AOS articulation speech characteristic
voluntary production of speech more difficult than automatic or reactive speech
AOS articulation speech characteristic
sounds produced more posteriorly more difficult than anterior sounds
AOS articulation speech characteristic
more difficulty the farther the distance between points of articulatory contact
AOS articulation speech characteristic
slow rate of speech
AOS prosody speech characteristic
equal syllable stress
AOS prosody speech characteristic
silent pauses at initiation of words or between words/syllables
AOS prosody speech characteristic
decreased variation in pitch and loudness
AOS prosody speech characteristic
Ax of AOS
oral mech exam
DDKs
connected speech
tasks related to AOS
Ax tasks related to AOS
repeating words of increasing length
reading or repeating low-frequency, multisyllabic words in isolation or sentences
reading or repeating CVC words w same initial and final consonant
automatic speech tasks
4 categories of behaviors determine correct Dx of AOS:
primary clinical characteristics
non discriminative clinical characteristics
behaviors usually found in disorders other than AOS
behaviors that r/o presence of AOS
r/o other conditions that cause movement difficulties similar to those in AOS
muscle weakness
sensory loss
comprehension deficits
incoordination
differentiating between ______ and aphasia can be difficult
AOS
aphasia
Tx of AOS
mostly behaviorally-based procedures to help select and sequence speech sounds correctly
mostly 1:1 intensive treatments
goal of AOS Tx
help patient relearn motor sequences to produce phonemes accurately
AOS Tx types
sequenced to maintain success
repetitive and intensive drill
patients learn to self-monitor
concentrate on functional words
AOS Tx techniques
articulatory-kinematic
rate control & timing
total communication
word & phrase focused
AOS Tx articulatory-kinematic
articulatory placement cues
visual/auditory feedback
tactile-kinesthetic cues (PROMPT)
eight-step continuum
sound production treatment (SPT)
AOS Tx rate control & timing
hand/finger tapping
singing
choral reading
pacing (metronome)
melodic intonation therapy (MIT)
AOS Tx total communication
no/low/high tech
AOS Tx word and phrase focused
script training
eight step continuum
- demonstrate aloud
- demonstrate aloud, pause, demonstrate silently
- demonstrate aloud, pause, client repeats
- same as 3 but repeat 5x
- show written words & picture; client names
- show written word/picture then hide; client names from memory
- prompt w question
- role play (optional)
SPT
sound production treatment
1. say the word (if correct, repeat 5x)
2. show the letter (if correct, repeat 5x)
3. watch and listen to me (if correct, repeat 5x)
4. articulatory placement cueing (if correct, repeat 5x)
integral stimulation
seeing and hearing the model
tactile cues
tapping or manipulating articulators
visual cues
show or draw articulator placement
repetition
facilitate multiple correct productions
simple targets first
chose simple targets that facilitate success before moving to more complex
minimize barriers
modify environment
inform listeners about the individual’s communication needs and preferred method of communication
encourage speaker to use strategies for repairing breakdowns
dont forget to _____-
educate!!!
dosage
intensive and individualized treatment
timing
begin as early as possible
setting
naturalistic environment may facilitate generalization
AOS is a subcategory of
ideomotor apraxia which involves disturbance in performance needed to complete action
goal of minimizing barriers
facilitate better overall communication
when diagnosing, important to eliminate conditions that
cause speech errors similar to those in AOS
