Exam 3 - Hyperkinetic Dysarthria

Question 1

most hyperkinetic dysarthria is caused by

Answer 1

dysfunction in basal ganglia

Question 2

hyperkinetic =

Answer 2

too much movement
*excessive involuntary movements of various body parts

Question 3

cause of hyperkinetic movement disorders likely more complicated than a simple imbalance of ________-

Answer 3

1-2 neurotransmitters

Question 4

movement disorders associated with hyperkinetic dysarthria

Answer 4

chorea
myoclonus
tics
essential tremor
dystonia
athetosis
ballism

Question 5

jerky movements

Answer 5

chorea
myoclonus
tics

Question 6

non jerky movements

Answer 6

essential tremor
dystonia

Question 7

CP

Answer 7

athetosis
ballism

Question 8

primary causes of chorea

Answer 8

huntington’s
tardive dyskinesia - antipsychotics

Question 9

degree of chorea influences how severely _______ is affected

Answer 9

speech

Question 10

distinctive speech errors of chorea

Answer 10

prolonged intervals between syllables and words
variable speech rate
inappropriate silences
excess loudness variations
prolonged phonemes
rapid, brief inhalations or exhalations
voice stoppages

Question 11

tic

Answer 11

rapid movement that can be controlled voluntarily for a time is performed frequently due to compulsive desire

Question 12

essential tremor

Answer 12

AKA organic tremor
hyperkinetic movement disorder that causes tremulous movements in affected body parts during action/movement
idiopathic
most common hyperkinetic movement disorder

Question 13

most common hyperkinetic movement disorder

Answer 13

essential (organic) tremor

Question 14

dystonia

Answer 14

hyperkinetic movement disorder of muscle tone
involuntary, prolonged muscle contractions that interfere with normal movement or posture
slower, more sustained quality than chorea, with contractions that wax and wane during movement

Question 15

disorders that have dystonia as a characteristic

Answer 15

oromandibular dystonia
spasmodic torticollis
drug-induced dystonia
meige syndrome
spasmodic dysphonia

Question 16

articulation of hyperkinetic dysarthria

Answer 16

imprecise consonants
distorted vowels
irregular articulatory breakdowns
prolonged phonemes

Question 17

prosody of of hyperkinetic dysarthria

Answer 17

monopitch
monoloudness
inappropriate silences
shortened phrases

Question 18

phonation of hyperkinetic dysarthria

Answer 18

harsh vocal quality
strained-strangled vocal quality
escess loudness variation

Question 19

respiration and resonance of hyperkinetic dysarthria

Answer 19

less impacted

Question 20

eval for hyperkinetic dysarthria

Answer 20

oral mech exam
vowel prolongation
DDKs
conversational speech & reading
careful observation of associated involuntary movements

Question 21

Tx of hyperkinetic dysarthria

Answer 21

pharmacologic
deep brain stimulation
behavioral treatment

Question 22

behavioral Tx of huntington’s: early stages

Answer 22

maintain normal prosody and optimal rate

Question 23

behavioral Tx of huntington’s: middle stages

Answer 23

rate of speech
rhythmic breathing
relaxation to improve intelligibility
speaking on exhalation

Question 24

behavioral Tx of huntington’s: late stages

Answer 24

AAC (typically low tech)

Question 25

behavioral Tx of huntington’s: dementia progression

Answer 25

work closely with caregivers!!!!

Question 26

behavioral Tx for dystonia

Answer 26

sensory: idiosyncratic strategies that can suppress involuntary movement for a time
bite blocks: to stabilize jaw during speech
easy onset of phonation

Question 27

behavioral Tx for tic disorders

Answer 27

habit reversal training
relaxation therapy
exposure response prevention
comprehensive behavioral intervention for tics

Question 28

hyperkinetic dysarthria summary of cause:

Answer 28

involuntary movements interfering w voluntary attempts at speech

Question 29

most common Tx of hyperkinetic dysarthria

Answer 29

drug-based BUT some behavior based Tx procedures are helpful