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Health Assessment > EXAM 3 > Flashcards

EXAM 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Non-synovial joints

A

Non moveable joints

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2
Q

Synovial Joints

A

Moveable joints

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3
Q

Cartilage joints

A

Provides cushion for bones

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4
Q

Bursa

A

Enclosed sac filled with fluid

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5
Q

Moving a joint in a circular motion

A

Circumspection

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6
Q

Subjective Data (5)

A
  1. Joints- Pain/stiffness, swelling, redness/heat, movement, limitation
  2. Muscles- Pain/cramping, weakness
  3. Bones- Pain, deformity, trauma
  4. Functional Ability- is the client safe to live independently>
  5. Self-Care Behavior- exercise, occupational risk
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7
Q

For infants and children, what musculoskeletal considerations should you consider:

A

Milestones
Broken bones
Bone deformity

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8
Q

For adolescents, what musculoskeletal considerations should you be aware of:

A

School sports

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9
Q

For the Aging Adult, what musculoskeletal considerations should you be aware of:

A

Self-care deficit
Safety risk
Loss of function

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10
Q

there are ___ vertebrae

A

33

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11
Q

Cartilage begins to form at ___ months gestation

A

3 months gestation

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12
Q

growth plates close at __ years old

A

20 years old

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13
Q

the aging adult is at risk for:

A
  • osteoporosis- common in women bc of estrogen loss and menopause
  • bone degeneration from lack of vitamin D & calcium
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14
Q

joint pain that occurs later in the day and worsens as the day progresses. Cartilage wears down and causes bone to rub together

A

Osteoarthritis

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15
Q

When antibodies attack healthy tissue and cells. Affects several organs in the body

A

Rheumatoid Arthritis

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16
Q

fluid within a joint

A

effusion

17
Q

Deformities of the musculoskeletal system (4)

A
  1. Dislocation- 1 or more joints out of position
  2. Subluxation- partial dislocation
  3. Contracture- shortening of the muscle (limited ROM)
  4. Ankylosis- excess fluid on joint makes stiff
18
Q

When palpating each joint, what should you be feeling for?

A
  1. temp
  2. muscle attachment
  3. bony articulations
  4. Joint Capsule (feeling for crepitus)
19
Q

Palpable fluid is abnormal and feels ____

A

boggy

20
Q

Range of Motion can be:

A
  1. Active- (preferred)

2. Passive

21
Q

Grades of ROM

A
  1. (5)- full ROM against resistance
  2. (4)- full ROM against gravity; some resistance (75%)
  3. (3)- full ROM with gravity (50%)
  4. (2)-full ROM without gravity (Passive ROM) (25%)
  5. (1)- slight contraction (10%)
  6. (0)- no contraction
22
Q

What are the 2 tests for carpal tunnel?

A
  1. Phalen’s test- hold back of hands together @ 90 degrees

2. Tinel Test- press down on carpal nerve of wrist

23
Q

What test assesses for any fluid in the patella/knee joint?

A

Ballottement of the patella

R hand push patella sharply against femur

24
Q

what you suspect a patient has a herniated disc, what test do you do?

A

Straight leg raise

70 degrees

25
Q

When checking for hip dislocation in infants, what 2 tests do you do?

A
  1. Allis Test- feet on floor, knees flexed. (see a height difference)
  2. Ortolani’s maneuver- abduction, adduction of hips (popping or hip dislocation)
26
Q

what is common in children that have rickets or vitamin D deficiency?

A

Lordosis

27
Q

What is the difference between Genu Varum and Genu Valgum

A

Varum- “bow legged” usually resolves over time, don’t need corrective action

Valgum- “knock kneed” as child grows it should resolve

28
Q

Genu Valgum occurs between ___ and ___ years old

A

2-3.5 yrs old

29
Q

What are the 2 biggest considerations you need to take into account in pregnancy

A
  1. Lordosis- anterior flexion, kyphosis, slumped shoulders

2. Waddling gait- relaxation of pelvic girdle, protuberant abdomen

30
Q

Aging adult considerations for musculoskeletal system

A 
decrease in height 
changes in posture
kyphosis
prominent bony prominences 
arthritic changes
31
Q

Osteoarthritis

A
  • unilateral
  • noninflammatory
  • Heberden and Bouchard’s nodes
32
Q

nodes on the middle knuckle

A

Bouchard’s nodes

33
Q

nodes on the distal knuckle (closest to nail bed)

A

Heberden’s nodes

34
Q

Rheumatoid Arthritis

A

systemic, bilateral (happens on both sides)
swan neck fingers
boutonnier deformity
ulnar deviation

35
Q

caused by a renal insufficiency and buildup of uric acid

A

gout

Health Assessment (12 decks)

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