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Health Assessment > Chapter 21- Abdomen > Flashcards

Chapter 21- Abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

Solid Visceral Organs:

A

(liver, pancreas, spleen, adrenal glands, kidneys, ovaries, uterus)
hold their characteristic shape

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2
Q

Hollow visceral organs:

A

(stomach, gallbladder, small intestine, colon, bladder)

shape depends on contents

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3
Q

The RUQ contains:

A

Liver
gallbladder
R kidney (posterior)

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4
Q

The LUQ contains:

A

Pancreas
Spleen
L kidney (posterior)

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5
Q

The R kidney rests __ to ___ lower than the L kidney

A

1-2 cm

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6
Q

The RLQ contains:

A

Apendix

Colon

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7
Q

Regions of the Abdomen:
above the belly button:
belly button area:
below the belly button:

A

Epigastric
Umbilical
Hypogastric or Suprapubic

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8
Q

Infants and children are easier to palpate than older adults, why?

A

they have less muscle in their abdomen

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9
Q

In the 1st trimester of pregnancy, women experience ^:

A

vomitting & hemorrhoid development from ^ venous pressure
osciltate bowel sounds: faint and hard to hear from baby pushing upward

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10
Q

In aging adults, what happens to their liver?

A

shrinks

can affect metabolizing drugs

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11
Q

a burning sensation in esophagus and stomach from reflux of gastric acid is called:

A

Pyrosis

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12
Q

Visceral pain:
Parietal pain:
Referred pain:

A
  • dull, from internal organ, poorly localized
  • sharp, can tell exactly where it came from, aggrivated by movement
  • occurs in 1 location but not coming from an organ in that area (ex: infection in pancreas, radiates to shoulder blade)
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13
Q

Collecting Objective Data:

A
  1. Inspect
  2. Auscultate
  3. Percuss
  4. Palpate

note the change in assessment order

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14
Q

Inspect Contour of the Abdomen (4)

A

Flat- horizontal line
Scaphoid- sunken in, malnourished
Rounded- Extra fat tissue
Protuberant- pregnant or ascites

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15
Q

Bruising around the abdomen is called:

and usually is a sign of:

A

Cullen Sign

internal bleeding

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16
Q

The F’s of Abdominal Distention

A 
Fat
Fluid- ascites
Feces- obstruction bc of too much medication and not enough movement
Flatus- gas
Fibroid
Full bladder- distention and tenderness 
False Pregnancy 
Fatal tumor
17
Q

Aucultation sites for Vascular Sounds:

only listen if they are sick or you suspect something

A
  1. Aorta
  2. Renal Arteries
  3. Iliac Arteries
  4. Femoral Arteries
18
Q

When would you hear a hyperresonant sound or a dull sound in the abdomen?

A

hyperresonant: too much gas in abdomen
dull: tumor, bladder distention

19
Q

Color/texture of skin in someone who has:

  1. Ascites
  2. Striae
A
  1. ascites- glistening skin, taught

2. Striase- (stretch marks) purple/blue if new, white or silver when old

20
Q

“growling” of the stomach is called:

A

borborygmus

21
Q

An enlarged liver span indicates liver ____

A

enlargement or hepatomegaly

22
Q

The spleen can be palpated between the __ and __- intercostal space.

A

9th and 11th

23
Q

The Costovertebral Angle Tenderness test assesses:

A

kidneys

if any pain, indication they have inflammation of kidney

24
Q

What are the two tests that check for ascites?

A
  1. Shifting Dullness

2. Fluid Wave Test

25
Q

In order to get + results for ascites using the shifting dullness test, the pt needs to have at least ___ ml of fluid

A

500 mL

26
Q

light palpations vs deep palpation

A

light: 1-2cm
deep: 5-8cm for delineating abdominal organs and detecting masses

27
Q

What are the 2 methods for palpating the liver:

A
  1. Bimanual

2. Hooking

28
Q

The spleen has to ___x normal size in order to feel it upon palpation

A

3x

29
Q

In order to palpate the kidneys, you should used the ___ method

A

duck-bill method

usually can’t feel the kidneys or may feel lower pole of r kidney since it sits lower

30
Q

When palpating the aorta, it should normally be ____ cm wide. But if it’s wider, thats a sign of __

A

2.5-4cm wide

aneurysm

31
Q

Blumberg’s Sign is used to assess for:

A

Rebound tenderness of abdomen
choose a site away from pain and hold hand at 90 degrees, pressing down.
Un-normal response: pain upon release of pressure

32
Q

Murphys sign is used to assess for:

A

inflammation of gallbladder
place fingers below liver border and ask person to take a deep breath in.
Positive results: liver is pushing the inflamed gallbladder onto the examining hand: sharp pain

33
Q

The Illiopsoas muscle test is used to assess for:

A

Apendescites

Pain in RLQ upon lifting of right leg with you pushing slightly down on thigh

34
Q

The obtrurator muscle test assesses for:

A

inflamed appendix
hold R leg up, flexed at hip and 90 degrees at knee
rotate leg inward, pain will be produced

Health Assessment (12 decks)

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