Exam 3 Flashcards
Central Dogma
DNA is first transcribed into mRNA, then mRNA strands are translated into proteins.
RNA complementary strand letters.
A-U, T-A, C-G, G-C
DNA complementary strand letters.
A-T, T-A, G-C, C-G
Enzymes in DNA replication?
DNA Polymerase, Helicases, Ligase and primase
What does DNA polymerase do?
Matches existing DNA bases with complementary nucleotides and links them.
What does Helicases do?
Unwinds DNA
What does Ligase do?
Glues together Okazaki fragments
What does primase do?
Puts down primase/primer.
What are Okazaki fragments?
Short sequences of DNA nucleotides.
Enzyme in transcription?
RNA polymerase
What does RNA polymerase do?
makes mRNA strand from DNA template.
What types of RNA are there?
mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA
What does mRNA do?
Carries genetic information from the DNA to ribosomes for protein synthesis.
What does rRNA do?
It’s a part of ribosome.
What does tRNA do?
Brings the amino acids to ribosomes according to mRNA code. Transports amino acids.