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hist 1493 ruskoski > exam 2 - unit 7 - ch 22 > Flashcards

exam 2 - unit 7 - ch 22 Flashcards

1
Q

after the civil war, the us pivoted from a profoundly _____ approach to a _____ _____ for american expansion

A

isolationist approach
distinct zeal

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2
Q

the nations earlier isolationism origionated from the ____ _____ left by the ____ ____ and its need to recover both _____ and ______ from that event

A

deep scars
civil war
mentally and economically

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3
Q

american attitudes toward foreign expansion shifted bc

A

the industrial revolution changed the way the country worked and the american west reached its farthest point

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4
Q

businesses sought new markets to export their

A

factory-built goods, oil, and tabacco products as well as generous trade agreements to secure access to raw materials

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5
Q

early social reformers saw opportunities to spread ____ _____ and the benefits of ____ ____ to those in less developed nations

A

christian gospel
american life

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6
Q

what was alfred thayer mahan’s 1980 work

A

the influence of seapower upon history

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7
Q

in the influence of seapower upon history, he suggested three strategies that would assist the us in both ______ and _______ an empire

A

constructing and maintaining

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8
Q

what was the first strategy in tiofup

A

noting the sad state of the us navy, he called for the gov to build a stronger, more powerful version

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9
Q

second strategy of tiofup

A

establishing a network of naval bases to fuel this expanding fleet. (the new navy)

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10
Q

sewards previous acquisition of the midway islands served this purpose by

A

providing an essential naval coaling station, which was vital, as the limited reah of steamships and their dependence on coal made naval stations imperative for increasing the navys geo reach. future acquisitions in the pacific and caribbean increased this naval supply network

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11
Q

what was the third strategy of tiosup

A

the future construction across the isthmus of central america

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12
Q

what would constructing a canal across the isthmus of central america do

A

decrease by 2/3 the time and power required to move the new navy from the pacific to atlantic oceans

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12
Q

what was the frontier

A

the encounter between european traditions and the native wilderness

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13
Q

the ____ played a fundamental roll in shaping ____ _____ but it no longer existed

A

frontier
american character

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14
Q

many found a solution by seeking out new ______ in the creation of an _____ _____

A

frontiers
american empire

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15
Q

queen liliuokalani tapped into a strong anti-american resentment among native hawaiians over the _____ and ______ power of exploitaive american _____ _____ between 1891-1893

A

economic and political
sugar companies

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16
Q

what did businessmen do when the queen did the thing with the sugar,

A

they worked with the american minister to hawaii, john stevens, to stage a quick armed revolt to counter her efforts and seize the islands as an american protectorate

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17
Q

following 5 more years of political wrangling the us annexed _____ in 1898 during the _____-______ war

A

hawaii
spanish american

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18
Q

in the wake of the civil war, american economis growth combined with the efforts of _____ _____ to push for a greater _____ _____ and ______ _____

A

evangelist missionaries
international influence
overseas presence

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19
Q

what did the us do to take control of valuable territories in central america and the pacific

A

confronting spain over it imperial rule in cuba

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20
Q

for the us, the first step towards becoming an empire was a…

A

decisive military one

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21
Q

what was the us able to do by engaging with spain

A

gain valuable territories in latin america and asia, and send a message to other global powers.

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22
Q

the untested us navy was superior than the spanish fleet t/f

A

t

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23
Q

what positioned the us as the predominate world power in the south pacific and caribbean

A

the annexation of the former spanish colonies of guam, puerto rico, the philippines, and the acquisition of hawaii, samoa, and wake island

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24
Q

in the late 1890s there as a height of

A

yellow journalism

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25
Q

what newspapers were catagorized in the yellow journalism

A

the NY journal let by william randolph hearst and the NY world published by josheph pulizer

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26
Q

what was yellow jounalism

A

in which newspapers competed for readership with sensationalistic stories

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27
Q

these publishers who printed news stories for max drama and effect, knew what

A

that war would provide sensational copy

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28
Q

what changed in feb of 1898

A

president mckinleys reticence to involve the us in the cuban rebellion against spain

29
Q

mckinley ordered one of the newest navy battleships, the USS maine, to drop anchor off the coast of cuba in order to…

A

observe the situation ans to prepare to evacuate american citizens from cuba if necessary

30
Q

days after the uss maine arrived, an explosion destroyed it on feb 15, killing over 250 sailors, what happened immediately after

A

yellow journalists jumped on the headline that the explosion was the result of a spanish attack, and that all americans rally to war.

31
Q

what was the newspaper battle cry

A

remember the maine!

32
Q

what did recent examinations show about the maine,

A

the explosion was likely due to the storage of gun powder close to the very hot boilers

33
Q

what were the rough riders and who were they led by

A

they were an all-volunteer cavalry unit made up of adventure-seeking college graduates, veterans, and cowboys from the southwest. they were led by theodore roosevelt

34
Q

what did the rough riders do that resulted in american forces surrounding santiago

A

charged up kettle hill, next to san juan hill

35
Q

the victories of the rough riders are the best known part of the battles, but several ____ _____ regiments, made up of ____ ____ were apart of their sucess

A

african american
veteran soldiers

36
Q

the spanish fleet made a effort to escape to the sea but ran into what

A

an american naval blockade that resulted in total destruction, with every spanish vessel sunk

37
Q

why was the newly formed american empire not immediately secure

A

filipino rebels, led by emilio aguinaldo, fought back against american forces stationed there

38
Q

how long did the filipinos war last for independence

A

three years

39
Q

how many americans died and how many filipinos and the civilian death toll

A

4 thousand americans, twenty thousand filipino, and 250,000 civilian death toll

40
Q

pres mckinley appointed _____ ____ ____ as the civil governor of the philippines in an effort to what

A

william howard taft
effort to disengage the american military from direct confrontations with the filipino people

41
Q

what did the platt amendment do

A

secured the right of the united states to interfere in cuban affairs if threats to a stable gov emerged

42
Q

the platt amendment also guaranteed the us its own ____ and _____ station on the islands southern guantanamo bay

A

naval and coaling

43
Q

the amendment prohibited ____ from making treaties with other countries that might eventually threaten their IIIIII

A

cuba
independence

44
Q

while cuba was an independent nation on paper, did the us govern cubas foreign policy and economic agreements

A

yes

45
Q

the us shifted from isolationism to empire building with what

A

its involvement and victory in the spanish american war

46
Q

the country sought to expand its reach through another powerful tool,

A

economic clout

47
Q

in 1899, secretary of state ____ ____ made a bold move to acquire chinas vast markets for american access by introducing ___ ____ ____

A

john hay
open door notes

48
Q

what were open door notes

A

a series of circular notes that hay himself drafted as an expression of us interests in the region and sent to the other competing powers

49
Q

the notes agreed to what

A

to by the other five nations maintaining spheres of influences in china, would erase all spheres and essentially open all doors to free trade, with no special tariffs or transportation controls that would give unfair advantages to one country over another

50
Q

when roosevelt succeeded ______ as pres, he implemented a key strategy tor building an american empire,:

A

the threat, rather than the outright use of military force

51
Q

mckinley had engaged the us military in several successful ________ and then used the countrys superior industrial power to negotiate ____ _____ ____ agreements

A

skirmishes
beneficial foreign trade

52
Q

roosevelt, with his ___ ____ policy was able to keep the us out of military conflicts by what

A

big stick
employing the legitimate threat of force

53
Q

what meant that the us would need to tread carefully to maintain its status as a world power

A

changing alliances, shifting economic needs, and power politics

54
Q

roosevelt believed that the ____ ____ best interests were also the best interests of the ___ ____

A

western hemisphere
united states

55
Q

roosevelt felt that the us had the right and the obligation to be the ______ of the hemisphere

A

policeman

56
Q

his belief and his strategy of what shaped much of roosevelts foreign policy

A

speaking softly and carrying a big stick

57
Q

roosevelt made it clear the the us would strongly support the ____ people should they choose to revolt agaainst ____ and form their own nation

A

panamanian
colombia

58
Q

did r send american battleships to colombia to practice maneuvers as the panamanian revolution unfolded

A

yes but not to really practice maneuvers

59
Q

what did the american warships effectively do

A

blocked columbia from moving additional troops into the region to quell the growing panamaniam uprising

60
Q

what did roosevelt offer panama after he welcomed them to the world community

A

10 M plus the annual 250,000 rental fee - what he had previously offered colombia

61
Q

panama became an american _____ and remaind so until 1939

A

protectorate

62
Q

when did the construction on the canal begin

A

may 1904

63
Q

what was the roosevelt corollary based on

A

the origional monroe doctrine of the early 19th century, which warned european nations of the consequences of their interfearence in the caribbean

64
Q

in the new addition, r states the us would use military force as a ___ ____ ____ to correct any ___ ____ any latin american nation that might threaten the stability in the region

A

international policy power
chronic wrongdoing

65
Q

the roosevelt corollary loudly proclaimed the right and obligation of the US to involve itself whenever necessary t/f

A

t

66
Q

taft sought to use the us ecomonic might as a

A

lever in foreign policy

67
Q

taft relied less on ____ than mckinley of r before him

A

military action

68
Q

taft would threaten and use military force when what

A

economic coercion proved unsuccessful, as it did in his bid to pay off in central americas debts with us dollars

69
Q

taft became pres in ____ and chose to adapy _____ foreign policy philisophy to one that reflected what

A

1909
roosevelts
american economic power at the time

70
Q

in what became known as dollar diplomacy, taft announced his decision to ____ ____ ___ ___ in an effort to use foreign policy to ___ ____ and opportunites for ____ _____

A

substiture dollars for bullets
secure markets
american businessmen

71
Q

like r threat of force, taft used the threat of ___ ____ ___ to coerce countrues into agreements to benefit the us

A

american economic clout

hist 1493 ruskoski (8 decks)

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