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hist 1493 ruskoski > exam 1 - unit 3 - chapter 18 > Flashcards

exam 1 - unit 3 - chapter 18 Flashcards

1
Q

business investors sought the latest ideas upon which they could capitalize both to transform the nation as well as

A

make a personal profit

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2
Q

what was our industrialization encouraged by

A

great britians industrial revolution

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3
Q

for both families and businesses, the new tech advances represented

A

a fundamental change in their way of life

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4
Q

who patented the telephone in 1876

A

alexander graham bell

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5
Q

what bell the first to invent the concept of the telephone

A

no, but he was the first to capitalize on it

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6
Q

what did bell create after securing the patent on the telephone

A

the national bell telephone company

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7
Q

what is the national bell telephone company now known as

A

at&t

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8
Q

who created the light bulb and was possibly the greatest inventor of the turn of the century

A

thomas alva edison

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9
Q

what did thomas edison famously say

A

he said that he “hoped to have a minor invention every ten days and a big thing every month or so”

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10
Q

what year did edison devote himself fully to be an inventor

A

1876

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11
Q

what else did edison invent

A

phonograph, mimeograph, motion picture projector, dictaphone, and the storage battery

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12
Q

what did edison create for other inventors

A

a factory dedicated to inventing, before that, inventors worked at home

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13
Q

the end of the 19th century was a period in history that offered tremendous ______ ______ to those who had the right combination of ____, ________, and ____

A

financial rewards
skill
ambition
luck

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14
Q

who believed that it was the job of the wealthy to give back in their lifetime to the greater community

A

andrew carnegie

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15
Q

whos success was built on the backs of ruined and bankrupt companies

A

rockefeller

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16
Q

who questioned the impact on the working class and the dangers of consolidating too much power and wealth into one individuals hands

A

progressive reformers

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17
Q

who sought wealth stricktly through the investment in and subsequent purchase of others hard work

A

j.pierpont morgan

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18
Q

who was a “robber baron” and built a massive estate and lived on it

A

cornelius vanderbilt

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19
Q

who insisted on up-to-date machinery and equipment and urged his men who worked at and managed his steel mills to constantly think of innovative ways to increase production and reduce cost

A

carnegie

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20
Q

what was “the gospel of wealth” by carnegie about

A

its about his belief that, given the circumstances of their successes, they should serve as benefactors to the less fortunate public. give back

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21
Q

carnegie was born into wealth t/f

A

f

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22
Q

was carnegie a steel or oil manufactuer

A

steel

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23
Q

was carnegie vertical or horizontal integration

A

vertical

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24
Q

was rockefeller a oil or steel manufactorer

A

oil

25
Q

was Rockefeller vertical or horizontal

A

horizontal

26
Q

rockefeller was ____ most of his life

A

rutheless

27
Q

rockefeller developed a plan to ____ his competitors and create a true ______ in the refining industry

A

crush
monopoly

28
Q

what is the growth via mergers and acquisitions of similar companies

A

horizontal integration

29
Q

what is a trust

A

a small group of trustees possess legal ownership of a business that they operate for the benefit of other investors

30
Q

who created the trust

A

rockefeller

31
Q

who bought out carnegie in 1901

A

j. pierpont morgan

32
Q

how much did carnegie sell for

A

$500 million

33
Q

what did morgan create

A

the US steel corporation

34
Q

what was US steel capitalized at

A

1.4 billion

35
Q

what was the country’s first billion dollar firm

A

US steel corporation

36
Q

who suffered the most from the inequity of their positions

A

factory workers

37
Q

what was the results of factory owners having no restrictions

A

employees had long hours in dehumanizing and poorly paid work

38
Q

did the acts of protest and violence from overwork workers gain any lasting positive effects

A

no

39
Q

the century ended with the majority of american laborers unrepresented by any ____ or _____. leaving them vulnerable to the power wielded by factory ownership

A

collective or union

40
Q

what was an average factory work week

A

60 hours, 10 hours per day, 6 days per week

41
Q

what was the average steel mill work week

A

12 hrs a day, 7 days a week

42
Q

how many americans lost their lives and were injured on the job as late as 1913

A

25,000 lost their lives
7000,000 injured

43
Q

what was fredrick taylors principles of scientific management

A

stop-watch managementt

44
Q

what was stop watch management

A

they used stop watch studies to divide manufacturing tasks into short repetitive segments

45
Q

why were children hired to work

A

they were small enough to hit among the machines and could be paid for a fraction of an adult mans pay

46
Q

from 1870 to 1900, child labor…

A

tripled

47
Q

what did the knights of labor do

A

they let unskilled workers into a union. people who were not skilled and could do a simple job

48
Q

what brought down the KOL

A

haymarket affair

49
Q

anarchist

A

someone who doesn’t trust any form of gov

50
Q

what was the haymarket affair

A

there was a quiet protest and when police arrived someone threw a bomb into the police, killing one officer and injuring one

51
Q

how many anarchists at the protest were charged with murder

A

7

52
Q

who did the press blame for the haymarket affair

A

the KOL and the powderly

53
Q

the kol saw their member ship decline to barely ________ by 1886

A

100,000

54
Q

what company only allowed skilled workers

A

american federation of labor

55
Q

who led the american federation of labor

A

samuel gompers

56
Q

what happened if skilled workers went on strike

A

they would have more powerful of an impact bc they are harder to replace

57
Q

read the homestead and pullman strikes

A
58
Q

what led to a rise in advertising

A

americans had more options; mail order, department stores

59
Q

advertising between businesses began to grow bc of

A

more options

hist 1493 ruskoski (8 decks)

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