Exam 2 Terms

Question 1

Task Oriented Approach (TOA)

Answer 1

The model emphasises the interaction between persons and their environment and suggest that motor behavior emerges from persons’ multiple systems interacting with unique tasks and environmental contexts. It is a top down approach looking at the task first and then moving down and looking at what is impeding function.

Question 2

Task Specific Approach (TST)

Answer 2

Active Repetitive practice of functional activities to learn and relearn motor skills.

Question 3

Evals for TST

Answer 3

Action Reach Arm Test (grasp, grip, pinch and gross motor)
Box and Block Test (move blocks over a divder)
Motor Activity Log (Mal) ( structured interview )
Stroke impact scale (SIS) self-report

Question 4

PNF

Answer 4

Major emphasis on developmental sequencing of movement and the balanced interplay between agonist and antagonist in producing volitional movement.

Question 5

PNF: D1 Flex

Answer 5

D1 Flex: shoulder flex., add., ER, sup.,wrist & digit flex.

Ex: During morning ADL’s client will practice combing their hair on the left side using their right hand and vica versa

Question 6

PNF: D1 Ext

Answer 6

D1 Ext: shoulder /, abd., IR, pron., wrist & digit

Ex. Client will facilitate this movement when shutting the bathroom door once their inside.

Question 7

PNF: D2 Flex

Answer 7

shoulder flexion, abd.,ER, sup., wrist & digit

Ex: Client will engage in stimulation of getting into a car and facilitate D2 flexion when removing seat belt

Question 8

D2 Ext:

Answer 8

shoulder/, add., IR, pron., wrist & digit flex

Ex: Client will practice putting groceries away, groceries will be placed on the opposite side of the UE that will be doing the work (client will reach to the left side of the counter top to obtain item and place it on the top shelve).

Question 9

Symmetrical Bilateral D1 Ext :

Answer 9

Ex: Client will be met in their room, they will practice bed mobility, in order to facilitate symmetrical bilateral D1 extension client will use both arms to push off from the bed.

Question 10

Symmetrical Bilateral D2 Ext

Answer 10

Ex: Client will practice taking off their nightgown while facilitating a symmetrical bilateral motion to get ready for a shower

Question 11

Symmetrical Bilateral D2 Flex

Answer 11

Client will facilitate this moment by selecting clothes to wear off the top shelve by using both arms to remove clothes off the shelf

Question 12

Asymmetrical Bilateral D1 Flex/Ext & D2 Flex/Ext

Answer 12

Client will practice donning her earrings with both hands on each side.

Question 13

Reciprocal: Pair extremities move in opposite directions at the same time

Answer 13

While navigating the halls or room client (walking) will be prompted to swing arms back and forth to help facilitate this movement.

Question 14

NDT

Answer 14

Goal is to normalize muscle tone, inhibit primitive reflexes, and facilitate normal postural reactions.

Compensation is discouraged.

Question 15

NDT: Top-down Approach

Answer 15

OT Eval: a top down approach.

1. Assess client’s ability to maintain alignment in postures during occupations.
2. Determine typical motor skills needed for the task.
3. Assess clients alignment and motor skills needed during these “typical motor skills” needed.
4. Determine underlying impairments that can contribute to dysfunction.

Question 16

Brunstrom

Answer 16

-Specifically for clients with CVA.

-Brunnstrom-reflexive patterns move into volitional movements so use reflexes and with the more
reflexes, you use it’ll turn into volitional movement.

-Spasticity, flaccidity, and presence of reflexive movements are considered part of the normal recovery process and are viewed as necessary steps in regaining volitional movement.

Question 17

BoBath NDT

Answer 17

ndt-weightbearing and handling technique.

Doesn’t believe in compensatory approach
not really giving adaptive equipment…

*never see transferring to the strong side,
you’ll take them to the weaker side to encourage the WB.

Question 18

What are the 6 stages of Brunnstrom

Answer 18

***6 stages of recovery you move through these phases
1-flaccid no hand function
2-some spasticity in arm with gross grasp little finger flexion
3-more spastic patterns bringing the hand to mouth pattern with a hook grasp no extension
After 3 when spasticity goes down and you get volitional
4-spasticity down some grosser grasp and pinch

5-away from synergy move up with arm a bit more and extension
6-volitionally move in arm and have gross grasp and release

Question 19

Rood

Answer 19

Rood- focus on tone reflexes in a hierarchical approach return from head to toe more proximal
to distal and looking at the severity of tone you’ll want to inhibit it (flexor synergy patterns) or
facilitate if you have a more flaccid arm. Limited evidence of transference of skills.

Question 20

Neuroplasticity: Positive outcomes of neuroplasticity

Answer 20

able to develop new skills, better cognition between sensory and motor pathways

Question 21

Neuroplasticity: Negative outcomes

Answer 21

See a decline in brain function, alter motor control and increase in pain