Dysphagia Flashcards
The process of setting up, arranging, and bringing food (fluids) from the plate or cup to the mouth, sometimes called self feeding A Eating B Dysphagia
C
Feeding
C
Feeding
the ability to keep and manipulate food/fluid in the mouth and swallow it; ______ and swallowing are often used interchangeably
A Eating B Dysphagia C Feeding
A
Eating
inability to swallow or difficulty with swallowing
A
Eating
B
Dysphagia
C
Feeding
B
Dysphagia
food is masticated by the teeth and gums (if necessary) and manipulated by the lips, cheek, and tongue to form a bolus of appropriate texture for swallowing action of which phase?
A
Oral Prepatory Phase
B Oral Phase C Pharyngeal Phase D Esophageal Phase
A
Oral Prepatory Phase
the mandible and tongue move in a strong, combined rotary and lateral direction What is this describing of oral preparatory phase
A
eating
B chewing C swallowing D feeding
B
chewing
Begins when tongue initiates movement of bolus towards the pharynx Tongue elevates, pushing bolus against the hard palate and guides the bolus back Thicker foods require more pressure of tongue on the palate This is a voluntary phase, person must be alert and involved
A
Oral Prepatory Phase
B
Pharyngeal Phase
C
Esophageal Phase
D
Oral Phase
D
Oral Phase
Closure of the larynx, the laryngeal entrance, and epiglottis to prevent material from entering airway Bolus moves through the pharynx towards the esophagus, passes through pharynx divided in half at the valleculae and down each side of the pyriform sinuses Upper esophageal sphincter relaxes and opens allowing material to enter the esophagus
A
Oral Prepatory Phase
B Pharyngeal Phase C Esophageal Phase D Oral Phase
B
Pharyngeal Phase
Begins when bolus enters the esophagus through the cricopharyngeal juncture or upper esophageal sphincter (UES) Esophagus is a straight tube 10 inches long that connects the pharynx to the stomach UES separates pharynx from esophagus and LES separates esophagus from the stomach Muscles of esophagus contract and push bolus down = peristaltic wave contractions Epiglottitis returns to a relaxed state to allow airway to open, return to breathing A Oral Prepatory Phase B Pharyngeal Phase
C
Esophageal Phase
D
Oral Phase
C
Esophageal Phase
Indications of poor oral _______ include drooling, food remaining on the lips, and food falling out of the mouth without the client being aware that this is happening. To assess the client’s awareness of touch, the therapist occludes the client’s vision and uses a cotton-tipped swab to gently touch different areas of the face. The individual is asked to point to where he or she was touched. If pointing is difficult, the client is asked to nod or say yes or no when touched. The client with intact sensation responds accurately and quickly. Hot and cold should also be assessed
A Sensation B musculature C oral reflexes D intraoral status
A
Sensation
An assessment of the facial ________ provides the therapist with information about the movement, strength, and tone available to the client for chewing and swallowing. The therapist first observes the client’s face at rest and notes any visible asymmetry. If a facial droop is obvious, the therapist should observe whether the muscles feel slack or taut. A masked appearance, with little change in facial expression, may also be observed. The therapist should observe whether the client appears to be frowning or grimacing with the jaw clenched and the mouth pulled back. facial expresion, lip control, and jaw control are assesed
A
intraoral status
B musculature C oral reflexes D Sensation
B
musculature
A client who has sustained damage to brainstem or cortical structures may demonstrate primitive \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ that will interfere with a dysphagia-retraining program. The presence of the rooting, bite, or suck-swallow reflex, normal from 0 to 5 months of age, will interfere with oral motor control in adults. Persistence of these primitive oral reflexes interferes with the client’s isolated oral motor control, which is needed for chewing and swallowing. The gag, palatal, and cough reflexes should be present in adults and contribute to airway protection. The absence or impairment of these important reflexes may interfere with a safe swallow. rooting, bite, suck-swallow, tongue thrust, gag, and palatal are all assessed A intraoral status B musculature
C
oral reflexes
D
Sensation
C
oral reflexes
This tests the tongue, swallow, laryngeal, and cough during the assessment. examination of oral structures, including the tongue and palatal function.
A intraoral status B oral reflexes C dentition D Tongue
A
intraoral status
Because the adult uses teeth to shear and grind food during bolus formation, it is important for the therapist to assess the condition and quality of the client’s teeth and gums. Poor dental status or inadequate denture fit can contribute to dysphagia, discomfort or pain with swallowing, dehydration, malnutrition, low dietary intake, poor nutritional status, and weight loss. mouth is divided and tested in 4 quadrants: right upper, right lower, left upper, and left lower. take notes on areas and indicate bleeding, tender, or inflammation of the area A intraoral status B oral reflexes
C
dentition
D
Tongue
C
dentition
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ moment has as critical role in normal chewing and swallowing process, lingual moment is necessary to assist in the preparation and movement of food in the mouth. lingual discoordination is the most common reported affecting oral stage of swallowing. ROM and strength is tested of this A intraoral status B oral reflexes C dentition
D
Tongue
D
Tongue
before a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ must be sure the client has intact palatal reflex, elevation of larynx, and productive cough A eating assessment B dysphagia assessment
C
swallowing assessment
D
intraoral assessment
C
swallowing assessment
