Exam 1 content Flashcards
What’s described below (sensory disturbances or movement disorders)?
- Electrical input is carried to the CNS though afferent axons via the spinal cord
- Fibers synapse at the brainstem and cross to the contralateral (opposite) side of the brain•Brainstem receives input from specialized senses
- Nervous system has serval pain control pathways (some suppress, some facilitate pain)
- Disruption of the optic nerve can result in vision loss
Sensory Disturbances
What’s described below (sensory disturbances or movement disorders)?
- The parietal and premotor areas of the cerebral cortex identify targets in space, determining course of action
- The cortex determines strategies for movement
- The brainstem and spinal cord are responsible to execute the task
- Areas can be remapped if injury occurs as multiple pathways exist parallel to each other
Movement Disorders
What coordinated movement disorder is described below?
(Vestibulocerebellum lesions/Spinocerebellum lesions/Anterior lobe of the cerebellum lesions/Cerebellum or posterior lobes lesions)
result in inability to coordinate eye and head movement, postural sway, and delayed equilibrium response, and postural tremors
Vestibulocerebellum lesions
What coordinated movement disorder is described below?
(Vestibulocerebellum lesions/Spinocerebellum lesions/Anterior lobe of the cerebellum lesions/Cerebellum or posterior lobes lesions)
result in hypotonia, disruption of rhythmic walking, precision of voluntary movement
Spinocerebellum lesions
What coordinated movement disorder is described below?
(Vestibulocerebellum lesions/Spinocerebellum lesions/Anterior lobe of the cerebellum lesions/Cerebellum or posterior lobes lesions)
results in disorders of the gait, loss of balance,
Anterior lobe of the cerebellum lesions
What coordinated movement disorder is described below?
(Vestibulocerebellum lesions/Spinocerebellum lesions/Anterior lobe of the cerebellum lesions/Cerebellum or posterior lobes lesions)
result in loss of motor control, perceptual and cognitive tasks, trouble with movement and timing
Cerebellum or posterior lobes lesions
What coordinated movement disorder is described below?
decreased muscle tone
Can occur on the side of the lesion on bilateral of central damage
Seen primarily in proximal muscle groups, leads to uncoordinated movements
Hypotonicity
What coordinated movement disorder is described below?
generalized weakness
Sometimes seen in cerebellar lesions
Asthenia
What coordinated movement disorder is described below?
the under or over estimation of movement towards a target
What is an example of this?
Common in cerebellar disorders
Over or under shoot during movement is known as an intention tremor
Dysmetria
What coordinated movement disorder is described below?
the inability to perform rapidly alternating movements, slow without rhythm or consistency
Dysdiadochokinesia
What coordinated movement disorder is described below?
related to dysfunction of the cerebellum.
Gait becomes wide and staggering without typical arm swing
Uneven step length, feet lifted higher than usual
Loss of adaption in change in terrain
Gait Disturbances
What Deficits in Higher Brain Function is described below?
knowledge and skills accumulated over a lifetime
Crystalized intelligence
What Deficits in Higher Brain Function is described below?
ability to reason and make sense of abstract information
Fluid intelligence
What Deficits in Higher Brain Function is described below?
largest single area of the brain (1/3)
Highest level of cognitive processing, control of emotions, and behaviors
Personality, damage can change temperament and character of a person
Slow processing of information, lack of judgment, withdrawal, irritability, lack of inhibition and apathy
Frontal Lobe
What Deficits in Higher Brain Function is described below?
inability to orient the body with external space and generate an appropriate motor response Hemineglect: does to respond to stimuli or the environment on the left side of the body Loss of the inability to draw 2 and 3 dimensional objects Spatial disorientation (lost in familiar areas)
Right hemisphere syndrome
What Deficits in Higher Brain Function is described below?
often follow a lesion to the R hemisphere
Primarily affect interpersonal relationships and socialization
Disorders of emotional adjustment
What Deficits in Higher Brain Function is described below?
disturbance in articulation, disorder of speech
Speech: mechanical act of uttering words
Dysarthria
What Deficits in Higher Brain Function is described below?
the lack of the ability to produce speech, disorder of speech
Anarthria
What Deficits in Higher Brain Function is described below?
Disorder of language, a deficit in speech production or language output accompanied by a deficit in communication
Expressive aphasia
What Deficits in Higher Brain Function is described below?
inability to read, typically caused by a lesion to the L occipital lobe and the corpus callosum
Alexia
What Deficits in Higher Brain Function is described below?
Inability to write, Lesion anywhere in the cerebrum
Agraphia
What Deficits in Higher Brain Function is described below?
an acquired disorder of skilled purposeful movement that is not a result of paresis, akinesia, ataxia, sensory loss, or comprehension
Ideomotor apraxia:is a disorder traditionally characterized by deficits in properly performing tool-use pantomimes (e.g., pretending to use a hammer) and communicative gestures (e.g., waving goodbye). These deficits are typically identified with movements made to verbal command or imitation
Ideational apraxia:
is a neurological disorder which explains the loss of ability to conceptualize, plan, and execute the complex sequences of motor actions involved in the use of tools or otherwise interacting with objects in everyday life.
What Deficits in Higher Brain Function is described below?
the inability to recognize objects, lesions of the sensory cortices
Agnosia
What Consciousness: Arousal is describe below?
restlessness, agitation, or delirium
Hyperarousal