Exam 2 Spinal cord injuries Flashcards
1
Q
Total loss of either the right or left side of the spinal cord (hemisection)
A
Brown Sequard Syndrome
2
Q
- Bacterial tertiary syphilis resulting in wasting away of the dorsal funiculus
- Actual attack is on the dorsal root ganglia; primarily those contribuiting axons to the fasciculus gracilis.
A
Tabes Dorsalis
3
Q
- Results in destruction of CNS myelin
- More common in females with onset most commonly b/t ages 20 & 40
- At onset, symptoms commonly remit & relapse. As the condition progresses, the remissions become less common & of shorter duration
A
Multiple Sclerosis
4
Q
- Results in the destruction of UMN’s & LMN’s, principally in the lateral corticospinal tracts.
- Males are afflicted twice as often as females. Onset usually after 45
- Localized weakness or clumbsiness is usually the first sign/ symptom. The condition progresses until the diaphragm is involved & death results from the inability to breathe
A
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
5
Q
- Many toxins can cause injury through myelin alteration
- Well known ex. is the germicide Hexachlorophene.
A
Toxins & Myelin
6
Q
- Deficiency of vitamin B12 due to intrinsic factor problems. Vit B12 injections do help non- chronic conditions
- Esp. vulnerable are sensory posterior funiculus fibers as well as the descending corticospinal tracts involving the lower extremities.
A
Pernicious Anemia
7
Q
- Rare condition in which the cord’s central canal or adjacent areas begin to hollow out (erode)
- early sign is loss of pain. Ventral erosion of the central canal dips into the dorsal apect of the anterior white commissure. Fibers first encountered are those dealing with pain.
A
Syringomyelia
8
Q
- UMN lesion
- Reduction or absence of voluntary movement
- Hyperreflexia
- Increased muscle tone
- Clonus
- Babinski sign
A
Quadroplegic
ex. Cerebral Palsy
9
Q
- LMN lesion
- Reduction or absence of voluntary movement
- Hyporeflexia
- Decreased muscle tone & atrophy
- Muscle fibrillations
A
Paraplegic
ex. Polio
