Exam 2 Spinal cord

Question 1

How many spinal nerves exist?

Answer 1

31 pairs

Question 2

Cord injury @ T1 level & below

Answer 2

Paraplegic

Question 3

Cord injury @ C8 cord level & above

Answer 3

Quadriplegic

Question 4

Dorsal horn (gray matter)

Answer 4

sensory info.

-relayed through posterior horn

Question 5

Lateral horn (gray matter)

Answer 5

Preganglionic autonomic cell bodies

• found @ T1-L2 & S2- S4 levels
• parasympathic

Question 6

Ventral horn (gray matter)

Answer 6

motor info.

• axons into periphery
• supply skeletal muscles

Question 7

Gray matter gross structure also known as:

Answer 7

Substantia Grisea

Question 8

White matter gross structure is also known as:

Answer 8

Substantia Alba)

Question 9

A ________ is a longitudinal bundle of white matter.

Answer 9

Funiculus

Question 10

Central canal inferiorly expands in the conus medullaris as a:

Answer 10

Terminal Ventricle

Question 11

Neurons that originate in the spinal cord or brain stem & extend fibers into the PNS to innervate somatic musculature

Answer 11

Lower Motor Neurons (LMN)

Question 12

Neurons from higher brain centers that influence the so called lower motor neurons.

Answer 12

Upper motor neurons (UMN)

Question 13

Corticospinal tract fibers are a good example of:

Answer 13

UMN

Question 14

UMN that are involved with initiation of skilled voluntary movements. In the cord _____ fibers are coricospinals.

Answer 14

Pyramidal neurons

Question 15

Complex UMN most originate in the brain stem & extend down the cord. As a general rule they influence posture, muscle tone, enhance reflexes & thus allow voluntary movements to be smooth & effective

Answer 15

Extrapyramidal neurons
“fine tune movements”
DO NOT have conscious control over