Exam 2 Part 3 Flashcards
Learned responses from the core behavior
Secondary behavior
True or false: Negative attitudes towards stuttering can make the stuttering better
False; worse
What is the prevalence of stuttering for kids worldwide?
1%
Stuttering in elementary school follows same pattern as ______
Adults
What is the difference between stuttering in elementary school vs stuttering in preschool?
Preschool stuttering is more frequently on conjunctions and pronouns, repetition of whole words, appears to be result of language learning
Reduced stuttering is associated with conditions in which the…
Neurophysical demands of speech motor control and language formulation are reduced
Stuttering is a disorder of _____
neuromotor control of speech
What are some conditions for decreased disfluency?
Speaking alone, relaxed, speaking to infant or animal, dialect, while writing, swearing, slow and prolonged matter, loud making noise, DAF, shadowing another speaker
What are linguistic factors of stuttering?
Happens with consonants more, initial sounds of words, connected speech, nouns, verbs, adjectives, more on longer words, more on words at beginning of sentences, stressed syllables
What is the most common stuttering behavior?
Repetition
What are the causes of stuttering?
Heredity and environmental factors acting together
Why does talking in a dialect reduce stuttering?
Consciously controlling how you talk
Why does swearing reduce stuttering?
High emotional speech; not typical of our normal speech pathway
How does speaking in a slow and prolonged manner decrease stuttering?
Able to control speech better