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Biochemistry > Exam 2 Lecture 23 Lipids > Flashcards

Exam 2 Lecture 23 Lipids Flashcards

1
Q

lipids are

A

amphipathic

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2
Q

the polar head on a FA is

A

a polar carboxyl head group (hydrophilic)

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3
Q

the nonpolar tail of a FA is

A

a hydrophobic hydrocarbon

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4
Q

what is the pKa of the head on a FA

A

4.5

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5
Q

what does it mean for a FA to be saturated?

A

all single C-C bonds; carbons saturated with hydrogens

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6
Q

what does it mean for a FA to be unsaturated

A

one or more double bonds; carbons don’t have complete saturation in hydrogens

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7
Q

saturated:
MP:
Flexibility:
Shape of hydrocarbon:

A

mp is high
flexibility is high
shape of hydrocarbon is linear

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8
Q

unsaturated:
MP:
Flexibility:
Shape of hydrocarbon:

A

mp is lower
flexibility is low
shape of hydrocarbon depends on cis (bent more) or trans (bent less)

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9
Q

caveat: shorter FAs melt at a _ temperatures than longer FAs

A

lower temperatures

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10
Q

FAs are #ed from _ to _

A

carboxyl end to methyl end

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11
Q

alpha-C is carbon # _

A

carbon # 2 from carboxyl end

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12
Q

examples of omega-3 FAs

A 
linolenic acid 18:3
stearidonic acid 18:4
docosapentaenoic acid 22:5
eicosapentaenoic acid 20:5
docosahexaenoic acid 22:6
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13
Q

examples of omega-6 FAs

A

linoleic acid 18:2
arachidonic acid 20:4
docosapentaenoic acid: 22:5

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14
Q

why are omega FAs important?

A

used in cell membrane and other important lipids
common energy source
promote good health

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15
Q

what are the 2 omega FAs that cannot be synthesized by humans

A

linoleic acid and linolenic acid

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16
Q

a micelle is a _ layer FA that is wedged shaped

A

single layer

17
Q

a bilayer is a _ layer FA that is cylindrical

A

double layer; there are 2 hydrocarbon/FA tails

18
Q

_ are the majority component of cell membranes

A

glycerophospholipids

19
Q

common alcohols added to FAs:

A
  • serine (aa)
  • inositol, glycerol (sugar-derivatives)
  • ethanolamine, choline (organics)
20
Q

_ like sphingomyelin attach a FA to an amine

A

sphingophospholipids

21
Q

_ are important for ABO blood type antigens and cell signaling

A

glycosphinogolipids

22
Q

_ are found in plants and bacteria but rarely in animals

A

glycoglycerolipids

23
Q

_ is an important sterol

A

cholesterol

24
Q

ceramides are _ and are intermediates for other _

A

waxy and are intermediates for other sphingolipids

25
Q

the polar region on waxes is very small therefore:

A

predominantly hydrobphobic nature of the molecule will repel water

26
Q

TAGs are composed of _ + _

A

glycerol + 3 FAs

27
Q

TAGs are the most common form of _

A

fat storage molecules

28
Q

archaeal lipid membranes contain _ FAs

A

branched

Biochemistry (32 decks)

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