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Pharm > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

% total body water in adults

A

60

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2
Q

% total body water in neonates

A

80

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3
Q

% ICF; where is it found

A

40; cells

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4
Q

% ECF; where is it found

A

15; intravascular, interstitial, etc.

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5
Q

% plasma in ECF

A

5

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6
Q

% blood in ECF

A

9

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7
Q

ratio of intravascular : interstitial : intracellular

A

1:3:8

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8
Q

hydrostatic pressure

A

force of blood against wall of capillaries, fluid OUT

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9
Q

oncotic “colloidal” pressure

A

force of proteins, fluid IN, “magnet” for water

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10
Q

osmotic pressure

A

created by IVF (solutes dissolved in water)

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11
Q

osmolarity

A

[solute] / solvent volume

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12
Q

effective osmolarity

A

permeable

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13
Q

ineffective osmolarity

A

impermeable

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14
Q

tonicity

A

[solute] in solution relative to plasma, measure of osmotic pressure gradient

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15
Q

most common extracellular cation

A

Na+

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16
Q

most common extracellular anions

A

Cl- & HCO3-

17
Q

most common intracellular cation

A

K+

18
Q

most common intracellular anion

A

PO4-

19
Q

fluid equilibrium describes that

A

water moves from low osmotic pressure to high osmotic pressure

20
Q

hypotonic

A

low osmotic pressure, “swell”

21
Q

hypotonic uses

A

intracellular: dehydrated, maintenance

22
Q

hypotonic examples

A

0.45% NaCl, 2.5% Dextrose, D5W, D5 1/2 NS

23
Q

hypertonic uses

A

intravascular: resuscitation

24
Q

isotonic

A

osmotic pressure in = osmotic pressure out

25
Q

hypertonic examples

A
  1. 2% NaCl
  2. 5% NaCl
  3. 9% NaCl + D5W
26
Q

maintenance fluids area of effect

A

intracellular

27
Q

replacement fluids area of effect

A

intravascular & interstitial

28
Q

isotonic examples

A 
0.9% NaCl (normal saline)
LRS
Normosol-R
Plasmalyte-A
Plasmalyte-148
*D5W
29
Q

natural colloid examples

A

whole blood, RBC, plasma

30
Q

synthetic colloid examples

A

VetStarch, HetaStarch, Dextrans, Oxyglobin

31
Q

synthetic colloid examples

A

VetStarch, HetaStarch, Dextrans, Oxyglobin

32
Q

flow rate always given in

A

ggt/min

33
Q

drop factor/calibration always given in

A

ggt/mL

34
Q

Rate =

A

Volume / Time

Volume * Drop Factor / Time

35
Q

patients >10kg get what drop factor

A

10-15 ggt/mL

36
Q

patients <5-10kg get what drop factor

A

60 ggt/mL

37
Q

Time =

A

Volume * Drop Factor / Rate

38
Q

Volume =

A

Rate * Time / Drop Factor

39
Q

Normal Saline has what concentration Na+

A

154 mEq/L

Pharm (15 decks)

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