Absorption of Drugs - Exam 3

Question 1

definition of absorption of drugs

Answer 1

from the site of administration to the systemic circulation

Question 2

drug factors affecting drug absorption

Answer 2

molecular size, lipid solubility, degree of ionization, dissolution in water, concentrative at absorptive site, route of administration

Question 3

animal factors affecting drug absorption

Answer 3

blood flow, absorptive surface area, connective tissue, species, individual

Question 4

the smaller the molecular size the ______ the penetration through the cell membrane pores

Answer 4

faster

Question 5

the greater the lipid solubility the _____ the ability to dissolve in lipid bilayer portion of the cell membrane

Answer 5

greater

Question 6

increased lipid solubility = ______ absorption

Answer 6

increased

Question 7

the more non-ionized the drug (N>I), the greater the

Answer 7

absorption

Question 8

oral absorption of ____ drugs faster than solid drugs

Answer 8

liquid

Question 9

oral absorption of solid drugs depends on their

Answer 9

rate of dissolution

Question 10

the higher the concentration the ______ the absorption

Answer 10

faster

Question 11

route of administration in order fastest to slowest

Answer 11

inhalation, sublingual, IM, SQ, enteral

Question 12

increased blood flow _______ drug absorption

Answer 12

increases ; “more blood, more drug”

Question 13

what 3 things can modify blood flow

Answer 13

drugs, physiological factors, disease

Question 14

epinephrine injection causes local vasodilation which

Answer 14

decreases blood flow & absorption

Question 15

inflamed tissue has higher blood flow so a topical drug may have increased

Answer 15

absorption

Question 16

heat or massage of intramuscular injection site increases

Answer 16

blood flow & absorption

Question 17

sympathetic stimulation

Answer 17

increases blood flow to skeletal muscles
decreases blood flow to GI tract & subcutaneous tissue
“fight or flight”

Question 18

parasympathetic stimulation

Answer 18

increases blood flow to skeletal muscles
decreases blood flow to skeletal muscles
“rest & digest”

Question 19

the greater the surface area, the more _______ absorption will occur

Answer 19

efficiently

Question 20

the presence of connective tissue will decrease ______, because……

Answer 20

absorption ; it is fibrous, not vascular

Question 21

individual differences include

Answer 21

age, body condition, medical state, variability

Question 22

what is the main site for absorption of enterally administered drugs & why

Answer 22

upper part of the small intestine; extensive surface area & rich in blood supply

Question 23

rate of absorption depends on

Answer 23

gastric emptying

Question 24

drug and disease examples that can modify the rate of gastric emptying include

Answer 24

blood flow to the GI tract, slowed GI motility due to vomiting, presence of other material in the GI tract like hay might prevent absorption, species differences like ruminant or monogastric, etc.

Question 25

what is the rate-limiting step for oral absorption

Answer 25

dissolution

Question 26

first pass effect

Answer 26

drugs absorbed from the GI tract and go to liver first for metabolism

Question 27

drugs with high first pass metabolism have less

Answer 27

distribution