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Nur203 > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q
  • Coordination of movement, speech, and senses
  • Balance and coordination
A

Cerebellum

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2
Q

Visual stimuli and sense of light

A

Occipital lobe

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3
Q
  • Emotions, reasoning, abstractions, and concentration
  • Voluntary eye movement
  • Brucas area of motor control of speech
  • Storage of info
A

Frontal lobe

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4
Q

Integrate sensory information

A

Parietal lobe

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5
Q
  • Interpretation of smells, sounds, and language
  • Critical for language comprehension
A

Temporal lobe

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6
Q

Controls involuntary behavior: Breathing, Heart rate, Coughing, Sleeping, and Consciousness

A

Brain Stem

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7
Q

Cardiac, digestion, vasomotor, and respiratory system

A

Medulla Oblongata

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8
Q

Respiratory function

A

Pons

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9
Q

Auditory and visual reflexes

A

Midbrain

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10
Q

Pain, paresthesia, nervousness, dizziness, nausea, vertigo, changes in vision

A

Subjective data in Neurological system

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11
Q

See pt vomiting, lack of motor coordination, change in strength

A

Objective data in the Neurological system

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12
Q
  • Smell
  • Identify odors with closed eyes
A

CN I: Olfactory nerve (sensory)

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13
Q
  • Vision
  • Use snellen chart to test visual acuity
A

CN II: Optic nerve (sensory)

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14
Q
  • Eye movement and pupillary reaction
  • 6 cardinal fields of vision
A

CN III: Oculomotor nerve (motor)

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15
Q

Eye movement up and down, in and out

A

CN IV: Trochlear nerve (motor)

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16
Q

Face sensation and mastication

A

CN V: Trigeminal nerve (motor and sensory)

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17
Q

Eye movement laterally (side to side)

A

CN VI: Abducens nerve (motor)

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18
Q
  • Facial muscles and taste
  • Smile, raise eyebrows, and detect various taste
A

CN VII: Facial nerve (motor and sensory)

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19
Q
  • Hearing and balance
  • use of tuning fork and whisper test; spin them and see them walk
A

CN VIII: Vestibulocochlear nerve (sensory)

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20
Q
  • Swallowing, voice, and gag reflex
  • Use tongue depression tool
A

CN IX: Glossopharyngeal nerve (motor and sensory)

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21
Q

Speaking and swallowing

A

CN X: Vagus nerve (motor and sensory)

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22
Q
  • Contracting muscles of shoulder and neck
  • Shrug against resistance
A

CN XI: Spinal Accessory nerve (motor)

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23
Q

Tongue movement, move it from side to side

A

CN XII: Hypoglossal nerve (motor)

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24
Q

Test to check for allergies, renal function, and if they take metformin (with contrast)
- visualize/assess internal organs/structures

A

Computed Tomography (CT)

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25
Q

Test to assess electrical activity in the brain, where you put electro in head

A

Electroencephalogram (EEG)

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26
Q

Test to check for allergies, renal function, metformin, and ask for consent from pt
- differential diagnosis of infection or hemorrhage of brain

A

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

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27
Q
  • Risk of infection or hemorrhage
  • Normal finding: clear and colorless fluid
  • Assess and observe puncture site for bleeding, CSF leakage, and hematoma formation
  • Need formal consent
  • After procedure, position pt flat and maintain for 8hrs
A

Lumbar puncture

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28
Q

FAST stand for?

A
  • Face drooping
  • Arm weakness
  • Speech
  • Time to call for 911
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29
Q

Drowsiness; tired and lack of energy

A

Lethargy

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30
Q

Decrease muscle tone

A

Hypotonia

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31
Q

Increase muscle tone

A

Hypertonia

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32
Q

Muscles contracted and tense

A

Rigidity

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33
Q

Increase motor tone

A

Spasticity

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34
Q

Loss of muscle tone and strength to one side of the body

A

Hemiparesis

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35
Q

Loss of motor and sensory function in lower extremities

A

Paraplegic

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36
Q

Loss of motor and sensory in upper and lower extremities

A

Quadriplegic

37
Q

S&F: white avascular tissue that protects the eye and maintains the shape of eye

A

Sclera

38
Q

S&F: transparent structure that refracts light

A

Lens

39
Q

S&F: Black center of iris

A

Pupils

40
Q

S&F: Thin membrane that covers eye

A

Conjunctiva

41
Q

S&F: Protects and lubricates the eye

A

Eyelids

42
Q

S&F: Tear ducts

A

Lacrimal glands

43
Q

S&F: External, visible part of the ear

A

Auricle (pinna)

44
Q

S&F: Equalize pressure in the ear

A

Eustachian tube

45
Q

S&F: Organ of hearing

A

Cochlea

46
Q

S&F: Eardrum that is shiny and translucent

A

Tympanic membrane

47
Q

S&F: Lymphatic tissue that is part of the immune system

A

Adenoids

48
Q

S&F: Aligned with mucus membrane

A

Nostrils

49
Q

S&F: Jaw bone

A

Mandible

50
Q

S&F: Secrete saliva to start the process of digestion

A

Salivary glands

51
Q

Tinnitus, vertigo, dizziness, pain, headache, difficulty swallowing

A

Subjective data of HEENT

52
Q

Astigmatism and visual acuity

A

Objective data of HEENT

53
Q

Tests visual acuity
- have to be 20ft away and hold white card over the eye

A

Snellen chart

54
Q

Conduction test using tuning fork

A

Weber/Rinne

55
Q
  • Done when dysphagia is observed or reported
  • Referral to speech pathologist who will observe eating or drinking
A

Swallowing evaluation

56
Q

X-ray to assess swallowing - gives barium sulfate to drink

A

Modified barium swallow study

57
Q

Test that swabs the back of throat, check gag for 1 to 2 days

A

Throat culture

58
Q

Tests that evaluates thyroid function

A

TSH, T4, and T3

59
Q
  • Hearing aids are on
  • Reduce background noise
  • Face the pt
  • Speak slow and clearly
  • Try written communication
  • Allow extra time
  • Never shout
A

Hearing impaired

60
Q
  • Introduce self
  • Ask how much they can see
  • Ask permission to touch
  • Tell pt you’re going to leave
  • Be descriptive when giving directions
A

Visual impaired

61
Q

Smoke detectors in the house

A

Smelling impaired

62
Q

Ringing in ears

A

Tinnitus

63
Q

Feeling environment is moving

A

Vertigo

64
Q

Double vision

A

Diplopia

65
Q

Involuntary rhythmic movement of the eye

A

Nystagmus

66
Q

Nearsighted

A

Myopia

67
Q

Farsighted

A

Hyperopia

68
Q

Progressive vision loss due to old age

A

Presbyopia

69
Q

20/200 vision

A

Legal blindness

70
Q

Bacterial, viral infection of the conjunctiva

A

Conjunctivitis

71
Q

Drooping of eyelid

A

Ptosis

72
Q

S&F:
- Immunity or spread of infection
- Production of WBCs
- Fluid and protein balance
- Absorb lipids from small intestines during digestion

A

Lymphatic system

73
Q

S&F:
- Made up of: proteins, water, impurities, and waste products
- Seeps into tissues from circulation
- Stored in the lymphatic system and flows back to blood circulation
- Moves in one direction

A

Lymph fluid

74
Q

Pain, tenderness, fatigue, feeling of fullness

A

Subjective data relating to alteration in lymph system

75
Q
  • Pt sits up
  • Slightly flex neck forward
  • Use finger pads of index and middle fingers
  • Gently palpate in circular motion
  • There is 10 facial and neck lymph nodes
  • Use both hands to examine both sides
A

Assessing lymph nodes

76
Q
  • Press on swollen area
  • Grade using t1 to t4
  • 1+ is 2mm and disappears rapidly
  • 2+ is 4mm and disappears 10-15 secs
  • 3+ is 6mm and last more than 1 min
  • 4+ is 8mm and last 2-3 mins
A

Assessing edema

77
Q
  • Size is <1 cm
  • Consistency: discreet, soft
  • Mobility: freely moveable, may occur with infection
  • Tenderness: nontender
A

Normal lymph nodes

78
Q
  • Size is >1cm (if persistent for >4 weeks, it needs further inspection)
  • Consistency: rubbery and rock-hard (malignancies)
  • Mobility: fixed or matted
  • Tenderness: tender -> inflammation
A

Abnormal lymph nodes

79
Q
  • Purpose is to detect infections or cancer, any bleeding or abnormalities
  • Needs consent because it’s invasive
  • Watch for sign of infection at incision site
A

Lymph node biopsy

80
Q
  • Diagnosing peripheral vascular insufficiencies and blockage in the lymph system
  • Need consent, ask for allergies, whether they have any bleeding disorder, renal function, and if they’re on metformin
  • Monitor peripheral pulses and changed in color or temp of skin or around incision area
  • Maintain bed rest in supine position for 2-6hrs to prevent stress on puncture site
A

Angiogram

81
Q
  • Family history of lymphedema
  • Removal of lymph nodes
  • Invasive surgery
  • Radiation therapy
  • Chemotherapy
  • Morbid obesity
A

Risk factors for lymphedema

82
Q

Swelling or accumulation of fluid in lymphatic system

A

Lymphedema

83
Q

Elevations of WBCs

A

Leukocytosis

84
Q

Enlarged lymph nodes

A

Lymphadenopathy

85
Q

Cancers of lymphatic system

A

Lymphoma

86
Q

High concentration of lymph fluid

A

Lymphocytosis

87
Q

Assessment of HEENT to identify risk factors, analyze findings, and plan interventions

A

Cardinal field of gaze and hearing test

88
Q

Assessment of neurological system to identify risk factors, analyze findings, and plan interventions

A
  • Level of consciousness (LOC)
  • Orientation
  • Speech
  • Behavior
  • PERRLA

Nur203 (9 decks)

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