Exam 2 Flashcards
What are muscle functions
Movement, manipulation of external objects, mixing of bodily fluids, expulsion from organs, head production, sound production, air movement,
Muscle types
Smooth, skeletal, cardiac
What is skeletal muscle
Most abundant, composed of long multiplnucleated cells, voluntary movement
What is cardiac muscle
Found in heart, vigorous and rhythmic, involuntary movement, individual uncleared cells
What is smooth muscle
Slow involuntary movement, found in GI tract, circulatory system, eyes, respiratory tract, comprised of nucleated fusiform cells
What are fusiform cells
Wide in middle with tapered ends
What are muscle classifications
Striated, unstriated, voluntary, involuntary
What muscle(s) are striated
Skeletal and cardiac
What muscle(s) are unstriated
Smooth
What muscle(s) are voluntary
Skeletal
What muscle(s) are involuntary
Cardiac and smooth
Types of skeletal organization
Endomysium, perimysoum, epimysium
What is endomysium
Connective tissue between fibers
What is perimysium
Connective tissue that groups fibers
What is epimysium
Connective tissue around entire muscle
Types of narrow bands
Strap, fusiform, pennate
Strap muscle are
Parallel to each other
Types of muscle attachment
Fleshy and tendons
What are fleshy attachments
Arise from bone, attached by short tendon
Types of tendons
Cord and aponeuroses
Core type attach
Pennate musc,e
Aponeuroses attach
Flat muscle
What are muscle actions
Contractions, relaxation, convert chemical energy to mechanical energy
What is skeletal muscle composed of
Bundles or sheets of fascia
Muscle fascia is composed of
Fibers
Fibers are composed of
myofibrils
Sarcomeres are made of
myofibrils
Smallest repetitive subunits of contractile
Sarcomeres
myofibrils
Specialized contractile organelles
Sarcomere
Functional unit of muscle, smallest components, give striated appearance
