Anatomy of Muscular System - 2 Flashcards
Functions of muscle
Movement, manipulation of external objects, propulsion and/or mixing of bodily fluids, expulsion, production of heat, production of sound, movement of air, dilation of eye
Types of muscle
Skeletal, cardiac, smooth
Skeletal muscle
Most abundant, voluntary movement
Skeletal muscle characteristics
Composed of long, multinucleated cells, attached by collagen (tendons), contractions - quick and forceful
Cardiac muscle
Found in heart, involuntary movement, vigorous and rhythmic
Cardiac muscle characteristics
individual uncleared cells laying end to end
Smooth muscle
Provides involuntary movement, slow
Smooth muscle is found in
Circulatory system, gastrointestinal tract, respiratory, eyes
Smooth muscle characteristics
nucleated cells, dissimilar in shape
Muscle classifications
Striated or unstriated, voluntary or involuntary
Striated or unstriated
dark/light band arrangement
Voluntary or involuntary
Voluntary controlled by the somatic nervous system, involuntary controlled by autonomic nervous system
skeletal muscle organization
bundled together by connective tissue.
Types of Smooth muscle organization
Endomysium, permysium, epimysium
My or Myo
Refers to muscle
Endomysium
Connective tissue between fibers
Perimysium
connective tissue that bundles fibers
Epimysium
Connective tissue around entire muscle
Types of narrow bands
Strap , fusiform, pennate or penniform
Strap muscle
Fibers parallel to one another
Fusiform
wide in the middle and taper at each end
Pennate or penniform muscle
Feather arrangement with the tendon representing the quil and the fibers attaching to the tendons at an angle to represent the vane
Types of pennate muscle
Uni, bi, multi
Muscle attachment
Attached to bone or fleshy attachment (tendons)
