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Cell Bio > exam 1 TYK > Flashcards

exam 1 TYK Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Ice melting is an endothermic process. T or F

A

true

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2
Q

In a chemical reaction, the standard free energy change (ΔG°’) is calculated to be 3.67 cal/mol. What can be said of the chemical reaction?

A

the rxn is not spontaneous under standard conditions

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3
Q

What are the 6 types of work performed by a cell that require energy?

A

Synthetic: biosynthesis of a new protein
Mechanical: contraction of muscle
Concentration: creating a proton gradient in lysosome
Electrical: generation of membrane potential
Heat: maintenance of body temperature
Bioluminescence: example in fireflies

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4
Q

Which of the following organelles is not generally found in animal cells?

A

food vacuole

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5
Q

ribosome

A

protein synthesis

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6
Q

nucleus

A

information center

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7
Q

chloroplast

A

photosynthesis

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8
Q

nucleolus

A

ribosome production

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9
Q

rough ER

A

synthesis of secretory proteins

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10
Q

smooth ER

A

steroid synthesis

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11
Q

ECM

A

support and regulation of cell properties

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12
Q

cytoskeleton

A

cell shape and movement of organelles

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13
Q

chromoplast

A

contains pigments in flowers

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14
Q

golgi complex

A

synthesis of complex polysaccharides

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15
Q

lysosome

A

storage of hydrolase

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16
Q

peroxisome

A

detoxification of hydrogen peroxide

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17
Q

central vacuole

A

turgor pressure

18
Q

plasma membrane

A

cellular boundary

19
Q

mitochondrion

A

ATP synthesis

20
Q

The chromoplast is an organelle associated with _____

A

plant pigment storage

21
Q

The hallmark feature of peroxisomal diseases is the accumulation of ________

A

very long chain fatty acids

22
Q

A negative free energy change indicates that the reaction is endothermic. T or F

A

false

23
Q

You are working on a project that involves the direct observation of DNA molecules. The microscope that would give you the best information at this time would be the transmission electron microscope. T or F

A

true

24
Q

Prions are responsible for crops’s diseases. T or F

A

false (viroids are!)

25
Q

chloroplasts have their own DNA. T or F

A

true

26
Q

what biomolecules function in carbon and energy storage

A

proteins and polysaccharides

27
Q

what biomolecules function as enzyme cofactors

A

terpenes

28
Q

what biomolecules function as hormones

A

proteins, lipids, and steroids

29
Q

what biomolecules function as vitamins

A

terpenes

30
Q

what biomolecules function as structural components of the cell

A

proteins, lipids, steroids, and polysccharides

31
Q

what biomolecules function as cell receptors

A

proteins

32
Q

what biomolecules function as informational molecules

A

DNA and RNA

33
Q

what biomolecules function in motility

A

proteins

34
Q

Disulfide bonds are important for primary structure of protein. T or F

A

false

35
Q

Saturation

A

the inability to increase reaction velocity beyond a finite upper limit

36
Q

Fibrous proteins

A

composed of either α helices or β sheets throughout the molecule, giving them a highly ordered, repetitive structure

37
Q

oxidation

A

removal of hydrogen (plus an electron) and addition of oxygen atom

38
Q

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

A

lipid synthesis

39
Q

What inorganic precursors are needed to synthesize proteins?

A

carbon, water, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur

40
Q

terpenes are a class of ______

A

lipids

41
Q

A nanometer is equivalent to ______

A

10 Angstroms (Å)

42
Q

size of a typical prokaryotic cell

A

one micrometer

Cell Bio (14 decks)

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