exam 1 TYK Flashcards
Ice melting is an endothermic process. T or F
true
In a chemical reaction, the standard free energy change (ΔG°’) is calculated to be 3.67 cal/mol. What can be said of the chemical reaction?
the rxn is not spontaneous under standard conditions
What are the 6 types of work performed by a cell that require energy?
Synthetic: biosynthesis of a new protein
Mechanical: contraction of muscle
Concentration: creating a proton gradient in lysosome
Electrical: generation of membrane potential
Heat: maintenance of body temperature
Bioluminescence: example in fireflies
Which of the following organelles is not generally found in animal cells?
food vacuole
ribosome
protein synthesis
nucleus
information center
chloroplast
photosynthesis
nucleolus
ribosome production
rough ER
synthesis of secretory proteins
smooth ER
steroid synthesis
ECM
support and regulation of cell properties
cytoskeleton
cell shape and movement of organelles
chromoplast
contains pigments in flowers
golgi complex
synthesis of complex polysaccharides
lysosome
storage of hydrolase
peroxisome
detoxification of hydrogen peroxide
central vacuole
turgor pressure
plasma membrane
cellular boundary
mitochondrion
ATP synthesis
The chromoplast is an organelle associated with _____
plant pigment storage
The hallmark feature of peroxisomal diseases is the accumulation of ________
very long chain fatty acids
A negative free energy change indicates that the reaction is endothermic. T or F
false
You are working on a project that involves the direct observation of DNA molecules. The microscope that would give you the best information at this time would be the transmission electron microscope. T or F
true
Prions are responsible for crops’s diseases. T or F
false (viroids are!)
chloroplasts have their own DNA. T or F
true
what biomolecules function in carbon and energy storage
proteins and polysaccharides
what biomolecules function as enzyme cofactors
terpenes
what biomolecules function as hormones
proteins, lipids, and steroids
what biomolecules function as vitamins
terpenes
what biomolecules function as structural components of the cell
proteins, lipids, steroids, and polysccharides
what biomolecules function as cell receptors
proteins
what biomolecules function as informational molecules
DNA and RNA
what biomolecules function in motility
proteins
Disulfide bonds are important for primary structure of protein. T or F
false
Saturation
the inability to increase reaction velocity beyond a finite upper limit
Fibrous proteins
composed of either α helices or β sheets throughout the molecule, giving them a highly ordered, repetitive structure
oxidation
removal of hydrogen (plus an electron) and addition of oxygen atom
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
lipid synthesis
What inorganic precursors are needed to synthesize proteins?
carbon, water, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur
terpenes are a class of ______
lipids
A nanometer is equivalent to ______
10 Angstroms (Å)
size of a typical prokaryotic cell
one micrometer
