Exam 1: Lecture 9: Nutrition truths Flashcards
What doe the AAFCO define as natural
food/ingredients “derived solely from plant, animal, or mined sources, either in its unprocessed state or having been subject to physical processing, heat processing, rendering, purification, extraction, hydrolysis, enzymolysis, or fermentation, but NOT having been produced by or subject to a chemically synthetic process and not containing any additives or processing aids that are chemically synthestic except in amounts as might occur unavoidably in good manufacturing practices
T/F: Non-natural ingredients allowed in “natural” pet food
true
- Natural with added vitamins, minerals, and other trace nutrients
- Disclamer must be same style, color, and at least one hald size of the term “natural”
_______: refers to the handling and processing of ingredients and products. Pet foods and pet treats must comply with the USDA’s NOP program
- ingredients sourcing
- ingredients handling
- manufacturing
- Labeling and certification of products wanting to use the work “_______” in their labeling
Organic
T/F: organic refers to the quality of the product
FALSE!!!
organic refers to the processing of the product, not the quality of the product
T/F: dogs differ from wolves behavirally and morphologically because and startch adaption
true
Is the following a regulatory or non-regulatory meaning
- Ancestoral
non-regulatory
Is the following a regulatory or non-regulatory meaning
- Biologically appropriate
non-regulatory
Is the following a regulatory or non-regulatory meaning
- Human grade
regulatory
Human grade defined by the AAFCO is?
only acceptable in reference to the product as a whole. The feed term specifies that every ingredient and the resulting product must be stored, handled, processed, and transported in a manner that is consistent and compliant with 21 CFR and 117 and those applicable federal human food laws require by ingredient, process / facility type
Does the following term have a regulatory meaning?
- natural
yes, IF AAFCO definition
Does the following term have a regulatory meaning?
- organic
yes, if USDA seal (applies to ingredient handling and processing)
Does the following term have a regulatory meaning?
- ancestoral
no
Does the following term have a regulatory meaning?
- biological appropriate
no
Does the following term have a regulatory meaning?
- holistic
no
Does the following term have a regulatory meaning?
- human-grade
yes (applies to manufacturing facility)
What are the main reasons people feed raw
Raw meat is more likely to be contaminated by a pathogen, like _____ and _____, which are zoonotic disease
- Also H1N1
salmonella
Listeria
Commercial raw meat based diets can be good if?
- If the commercial manufacturer is proactive about pathogen elimination
- High pressure processing (HPP) + probiotics + testing final product for pathogens
- Manufactured by a team who is properly trained and test protocol efficacy
When giving faw food was is the concern with bones
GI foreign body risk
When giving faw food was is the concern with anti-nutritional factors
- avidin in raw eggs
- Thiaminases in raw fish
What are the benefits to animal byproducts
protein / amino acids
micronutrients
What is defined as non-rendered clean parts of carcasses of slaightered poultry, such as heads, feet and viscera, free from fecal contamination and foreign matter except in such trace amounts as might occur unavoidably in good factory practice. If the product bears a name descriptive of its kind, it must correspond thereto
poultry byproducts
What is defined as consistent of the ground, rendered, clean parts of the carcass of slaughtered poultry, such as neck, feet, undeveloped eggs and intestines, exclusive of feathers excpet in such amounts as might occur unavoidably in good processing practices
poultry by-product meal
Is organ meat or skeletal muscle more concentrated in microminerals
organ meat
Is corn or rice more concentrated in microminerals
corn
What is defined as the non-rendered, clean parts, other meat, derived from slaughtered mammals. it includes, but not limited to, lungs, spleen, kidneys, brain, livers, blood, bone, partially de-fatted low temperature fatty tissue and stomachs and intestines freed of their contents. it does not include hair, horns, teeth or hoofs. It shall be suitable for use in animal feed
meat byproducts
What is defined as rendered product from mammal tissue, exclusive of any added blood, hair, hoof, horn, hide trimmings, manure, stomach, and rumen contents excpet in such amounts as may occur unavoidably in good processing practices
Meat meal
Grain is a source energy (_____)
starch
Amino acids; gluten (grain protein) and micronutrients are all essential nutrients coming from?
grains
T/F: No evidence that grain-free is superior, except in isolated cases where patients truly seem to do better with a grain free diet
- EX: gluten enteropathy
true
If a patients issues (EX: GI or skin) improve on a grain-free diet, what do you want to consider?
what else is different about the diet other than the lack of grain
What is the issue between grain-free and DCM?
current response, there is an ongoing investigation regarding a link between a specific type of cardiac disease dilated cardiomyopathy’s or DCM and diet…..cases have been linked to grain-free diets; however, the cause does not simply seem to be due to absense of grains
What is defined as
- No official definition
- Alternative to commercial wet food
- can have higher digestability than some kibble
“Fresh” food
T/F: Kibble is the same as processed human food
false, it is not the same
Are vegertarian diets an option for dogs?
yes
Which species have a dietary requirement for some fatty acids that only come from animal tissue and what are these FA?
cats
amino acids / retinol / arachidonic acid / vitamin B12
T/F: “AAFCO Approved” pet food is used for testin
false, this pet AAFCO approved pet food does not exist
T/F: AAFCO is neither a regulatory or testing/approval agency
TRUE
When talking to owners about a diet, what do you want to clarify?
Goals of the diet - this provides helpful context when helping clients navigate pet food
What are some pet food characteristics that drive purchasing decisions
ingredients
look
smell
sustainability
cost
where it is manufactured
various options
When talking about pet food, you as a veterinarian need to…..
Share your goals of the diet and admit bias (food companies)
