Exam 1 - Lecture 4 Flashcards
what is one thing that archaea don’t do that bacteria do?
cause disease!
do archaea have 70S or 80S ribosomes?
70S
what are the components of the archaeal cell envelope?
- plasma membrane
- cell wall
- additional external layers
what is a major difference between archaeal and bacterial cell walls?
archaea do not have peptidoglycan
what is the five carbon building block for archaeal membrane lipids?
isoprene
match the following:
a.) archaeal lipids
b.) bacterial lipids
c.) eukaryotic lipids
1.) ether linkages to glycerol
2.) ester linkages to glycerol
3.) no linkages to glycerol
a1.) archaea have ether linkages
b2.) bacteria have ester linkages
c2.) eukarya have ester linkages
what do pentacyclic rings do in the archaeal membrane?
they increase rigidity by shrinking the membrane
what’s the differences between a monolayer and a bilayer?
monolayer: one amphipathic molecule with two hydrophobic ends, lined up next to one another
bilayer: two layers of amphipathic molecules exhibiting the hydrophobic effect
true or false: archaeal cell walls are more diverse than bacteria.
true, they come in so many flavors
all organisms have a __________________ surrounding their cytoplasm
plasma membrane
what is the most common type of archaeal cell wall?
S layer outside of the plasma membrane
what does the S layer consist of?
proteins or glycoproteins
what is pseudomurein?
a peptidoglycan-like polymer found in some archaeal cell walls
what are the two monomers of pseudomurein?
NAT and NAG sugars
what are the three differences between pseudomurein and peptidoglycan?
- NAT, not NAM sugar
- 1-3 linkage instead of 1-4
- L- amino acids, no D-