Exam 1: Lect 2 shortened

Question 1

Candida spp. Virulence

Answer 1

• Reversible morphological transitions
• Adhesion
• Invasion/ Penetration
• Biofilm formation

Question 2

Candida albicans

Answer 2

• Growth at 42-45℃
• Germ tube positive
• Light green to light bluish green
• “Feet”

Question 3

Candida dubliniensis

Answer 3

• Does not grow at 42-45℃
• Germ tube postive
• Dark green colonies

Question 4

Candida auris

Answer 4

• Germ tube negative
• Grows well at 40-42℃
• CHROMagar - Multi-colored colonies

Question 5

Candida glabrata

Answer 5

• Difficult to treat
• Only single budding yeast
• No pseudohyphae

Question 6

Candida tropicalis

Answer 6

• CHROMagar metallic blue
• Promblematic in leukmia patients, malignancies

Question 7

Crytococcus Virulence Factors

Answer 7

• Capsule
• Melanin Formation
• Growth at mammalian body temperture
• Degradation enzymes

Question 8

Crytococcus neoformans

Answer 8

• Pidgeon roosts
• Phenol oxidase - POSITIVE
• Capsule production
• Brown to black colonies on bird seed of caffeic acid
  -** No hyphae**

Question 9

Crytococcus gattii

Answer 9

• Tropical and subtropical regions
• Trees, soil, water, wood products
• Brown/ black colonies
• Immunocompetent
• No hyphae

Question 10

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Answer 10

• “bakers yeast”
• Rapid growth

Question 11

Malassezia sp. Virulence Factors

Answer 11

• Nutritional requirements, Patients receiving central-line mediated total parenteral nutrition supplementation can be at increased risk of infection.
• Lipophilic
• Difficult to grow in CULTURE
• DO NOT BUD
• spaghetti and meatballs

Question 12

Malassizia furfur requires lipid supplementation for in vitro growth

Answer 12

Add olive oil to culture

Question 13

Rhodotorula sp.

Opportunistic

Answer 13

• Opportunistic mycoses in AIDS or acute leukemia patients
• Rapid grower, cream to pink, coral red, orange or yellow colonies
• Air, soil, lakes, ocean water, and dairy products
• Blastoconidia

Question 14

Geotrichum sp

Answer 14

• Opportunistic (inhalation or ingestion) = geotrichosis
• Infections from trama
• “Ground glass”
• Optimal growth 25℃, weak growth at 37℃
• Arthoconidia and coarse true hyphae are observed

Question 15

Trichosporon sp

Answer 15

• Normal flora of mouth, skin, and nails
• White piedra - white nodules on hair shaft
• Neutropenic patients
• Cream progresses to yellow/ gray, 1st smooth them wrinkled and powdery like
• True hyphae, pseudohyphae with blastoconidia singly or in short chains