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Microbiology > Exam 1 - Ch. 6 - Microbial Growth > Flashcards

Exam 1 - Ch. 6 - Microbial Growth Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

When speaking of reproductive activities of microbes, what does the term “growth” refer to?

A

An increase in the size of a population.

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2
Q

What is an aggregation of cells arising from a single parent cell called?

A

colony

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3
Q

What is a collection of microbes in a complex community called?

A

biofilm

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4
Q

What is the difference between a colony and biofilm?

A

A colony is microbes of the same origin (all same microbes) and a biofilm is all different microbes.

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5
Q

Carbon sources from CO2 is classified as what by type of growth?

A

autotroph

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6
Q

Carbon source from the environment/organic compounds is classified as what by type of growth?

A

heterotroph

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7
Q

If the energy source is from light what are they classified as by type of growth?

A

photoautotrophs or photoheterotrophs

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8
Q

If the energy source is from chemical compounds what are they classified as? by type of growth?

A

chemoautotrophs or

chemoheterotrophs

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9
Q

What would animals be classified as by type of growth?

A

chemoheterotrophs

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10
Q

What would bacteria be classified as by type of growth?

A

Varies -
photoautotrophs
Chemoautotrophs
photoheterotrophs

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11
Q

What are the 7 growth requirements for microbes?

A 
Oxygen
Temperature
pH
Moisture
Osmotic pressure
Light
Food
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12
Q

As a rule, what is the most important factor affecting the growth of microorganisms?

A

temperature

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13
Q

Why isn’t oxygen as important for the growth of microbes?

A

Microorganisms vary widely in their oxygen requirements. anaerobe vs. aerobe

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14
Q

What are the three organism classifications according to temperature?

A

psychrophilic
mesophilic
(hyper)thermophilic

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15
Q

Which temperature does psychrophilic like?

A

Prefers cold temperatures.

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16
Q

What type of temperature does mesophilic prefer?

A

Prefer moderate temperatures (usually about normal human body temperature)

17
Q

What type of temperature does (hyper) thermophilic prefer?

A

Prefers high temperatures

18
Q

Most pathogenic organisms are classified under what according to temperature?

A

mesophilic

19
Q

What pH range do most microorganisms thrive?

A

pH 6-9

20
Q

What pH do most animal pathogens work best?

A

pH 7

21
Q

What is “pickling” food?

A

Preserving food in an acidic medium (like vinegar)

22
Q

Why is moisture important in cell growth and maintence?

A

Food and waste transported via H20 through cell wall and water is a necessary building material in cell synthesis.

23
Q

What are the moisture requirements for microbes?

A

Varies widely (ex: salt vs. fresh water organisms)

24
Q

Which cells will be at rish for bursting under osmotic pressure

A

Animals and mycoplasma (cells without cell wall)

25
Q

Which color pigmented bacteria use light as a source of part or all of their energy?

A

Green and purple

26
Q

However, what happens to most pathogens under direct sunlight?

A

They are killed.

27
Q

Two different types of culture media.

A

Selective media

Differential media

28
Q

Type of media that contain substances that favor or inhibit the growth of particular organisms.

A

Selective media

29
Q

Type of media where the presence of visible changes in medium or differences in the appearance of colonies help differentiate organisms.

A

Differential media

30
Q

When the exact composition is known what kind of media is this?

A

Defined (synthetic) media

31
Q

When the exact chemical composition is unknown what is this media called?

A

Complex media

32
Q

Most common type of complex media?

A

blood

33
Q

What is an example of selective media?

A

sabouraud dextrose agar

34
Q

What is an example of differential media?

A

Blood agar

35
Q

What is an example of media that supports both selective and differential?

A

MacConkey agar

36
Q

Sabouraud dextrose selects for what and inhibits what?

A

Selects - fungus (esp. Yeast)

Inhibits - bacteria

Microbiology (12 decks)

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