Exam 1 - Ch. 1 - Brief History of Microbiology Flashcards
What is microbiology?
The study of small living things. (or the study of entities too small to be seen with the unaided human eye).
During the “Golden Age of Microbiology”, scientist searched for the answers to what 3 questions?
What causes fermentation?
What causes disease?
How can we prevent infection and disease?
What causes fermentation?
Bacteria and yeasts?
When bacteria reproduce in grape juice what is produced?
acids
When yeasts reproduce in grape juice what is produced?
alcohol
What was the most important biological even that has had a greater impact upon culture or society than that of any disease or epidemic?
The domestication of the yeast used by bakers and brewers.
What is the name of the yeast used by bakers and brewers?
saccharomyces cerevisiae
What does “saccharomyces cerevisiae” mean?
“sugar fungus that makes beer”
What is disease generally defined as?
Any abnormal condition in the body.
What two factors lead to the germ theory of disease?
Discovery that bacteria responsible for spoiling wine and the hypothesis that microbes are responsible for disease.
Name four people in history who had impact on today’s standards for preventing disease.
Ignaz Semmelweis
Joseph Lister
Jon Snow
Edward Jenner
Ignaz Semmelweis introduced:
Hand washing
Joseph Lister introduced:
Antiseptic technique
What did Ignaz Semmelweis hypothesize?
That “cadaver particles” from the hands of medical students cause puerperal fever.
What did Joseph Lister begin spraying wounds, surgical incisions, and dressing with?
Carbonic acid
