Exam 1 Flashcards
Cell Junction types
Anchoring, communicating, occluding
Adherens
make adhesion belt, keep tissues from separating and stretch and contract
Connects multiple cells together
Type of anchoring junction
Cadherin
Glycoprotein that forms the belt-like plaque
Desmosome
Act as spot welds between cells
Also use cadherin glycoprotein
Common in skin and muscle
Type of anchoring junction
Hemidesmosome
Half welds that join cells to a basement membrane
Type of anchoring junction
Gap junctions
Pores (connexons) that allow small substances to pass between cells
Common in cardiac and smooth muscle tissue
Seal like safety hatch over sick cell to avoid mass cell death
Type of communicating junction
Ions can pass between cells using what type of junction
Gap junctions
Tight junctions
Found where leak proof seal is needed between adjacent cells
Type of occluding junction
Where are tight junctions found
Bladder and stomach
4 basic tissue types
Connective, epithelial, muscle, nervous
Epithelial tissue
Covers body surfaces, forms glands, lines hollow organs, body cavities and ducts
Function of epithelial tissue
Protection, absorption, filtration, excretion, secretion, and sensory reception
Layer types of epithelial tissue
Simple, stratified, pseudo stratified
Cell shape of epithelial tissue
Squamous, cuboidal, columnar
Connective tissue function
Protection, support, and binding of organs
Adipose (fat)
A connective tissue type that stores energy
Connective tissues of blood
RBC, WBC, platelets
Muscle tissue
Generates physical force needed to make body structures or substances move
Also generate heat that can be used by the body
Nervous tissue
For internal communication, to detect changes in the body, and respond
Nervous tissue found
Brain, spinal chord, nerves
Muscle tissue found
Skeletal, cardiac, smooth
Epithelial tissue found
Lining of digestive tract organs and other hollow organs
Skin surface
Connective tissue found
Bones, tendons, fat and other soft padding tissue
Which layer does epithelial tissue derive from
Endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm
Where does CT and muscle tissue derive from
Mesoderm
Where does nervous tissue derive from
Ectoderm
Epithelium
Used to line surfaces and form protective barriers
Also used in secreting mucus, hormones, and other substances
Types of surfaces for epithelia
Apical - facing surface
Basal - attached to membrane
Lateral - attached to other cell
What makes up the basement membrane
Basal lamina and reticular lamina
Basal lamina
Formed by secretion from the basal layer of epithelium
Reticular lamina
Formed by underlying CT secretion
Squamous
Flat, wide
Cuboidal
Cube like shape
Columnar
Rectangular shape
Simple
One later, all in contact w basement membrane
Pseudo stratified
Appears to have layers but all cells go from apex to base
Stratified
Two or mor layers, only one basal layer in contact w basement membrane
Transitional epithelium
Able to change shape
Simple squamous epithelium function
Diffusion and filtration where protection is not important
Secretes lubricating substances in serosae
Simple squamous epithelium location
Kidney glomeruli, air sacs of lungs, lining of heart, blood vessel, lymphatic vessels, lining of ventral body cavity
Simple cuboidal epithelium function
Secretion and absorption
Simple cuboidal location
Lines ducts and sweat glands
Simple columnar epithelium function
Absorption and secretion of mucus enzymes, and other substances
Cilia, microvilli, goblet cells
Simple columnar epithelium location
Non ciliated: Digestive, tract, gallbladder, excretory, ducts
Ciliated: small bronchi, uterine tubes, and some regions of the uterus
Digestive tract
Pseudostratified, columnar, epithelium function
Secrete substances, movement of mucus, buy ciliary action
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
Non ciliated: Male, sperm, carrying ducts and ducts of large glands
Ciliated : upper respiratory tract
Stratified squamous function
Protects underlying tissue and areas subject to abrasion
Stratified squamous location
esophagus, mouth, vagina, epidermis of the skin
Outer layers of the skin
Stratified cuboidal location
Sweat, mammary, and salivary glands
Stratified, columnar location
Ocular conjunctiva of the eye, pharynx uterus, salivary glands
Transitional epithelium function
Able to change shape, depending on stretch of the tissue
Transitional epithelium location
Bladder, uterus, parts of urethra
