Evolution Evidnace And Theory Flashcards
What is evolution
The scientific theory in which the more complex forms of life have gradually developed from simpler forms
Change in organism over a period of time
How are fossils evidence for evolution
Species that occurred in the past do not occur today. And most species living today are not found in fossil records
Fosels show evolution from single celled to multicellular
What is gradualism
A gradual ongoing process of change and adaptation by the accumulation of traits favored by natural selection
What is the theory of evolution based on
1) Evolutionary change is possible
2) Natural selection determines the course of evolutionary change
What is biographery
the geographical distribution of plants and animals.
There are six distinct regions corresponding to two different parts of the world- North america, Europe and asia, South america, Africa, Antarctica, Australia, and india
How is biogeography evidence for evolution
Biogeography demonstrates convergent evolution
For example, plants living in different deserts are similarly adapted to desert life. However, they are clearly not related.
Those new species are similar to extinct species that lived in the same area because they had to adapt the same
How is resemblance between living species evidence of evolution
All organisms evolved from a common ancestor with a basic bone arrangement. Bones are now a little different but still share resemblance
As animals evolve, some structures are no longer needed, so they’re lost but you can still see remains. This is called vestigial structure
How is embryology vertebrae evidence of evolution
Organisms with its similarities in the development of Embryo suggests that organisms have a common ancestor
What is artificial selection
Artificial selection is similar to natural selection. However, it does not occur naturally. Men will breed a domesticated animal to get a certain outcome. Given enough time, this will produce a new species
How is domesticated animals and plants evidence of evolution
This selective breeding results in a new species over time
How are biochemistry evidence of evolution
Organisms all produce nucleic acid (RNA/DNA) and use ATP, which made genetic engineering possible. Digested, enzymes, and hormone secretion are so similar that humans star diabetic can use hog and cattle insulin. This shows evidence of a shared ancestor
Humans and gorillas only have one protein difference in hemoglobin, then compared to a frog, which has a sixty seven difference. This Means humans and gorillas have a more recent shared ancestor
List all six pieces of evidence that’s prove evolution
Fossils
Biogeo graphy
Resemblance between species
Embryology
Artificial selection
Biochemistry
Explain lamark’s theory of evolution
Lamark believed that acquired characteristics could be passed down. This was based on the muscles that were used, became larger and stronger, and disused were shriveled and weakened.
What are acquired characteristics
Physical changes in your lifetime. They do not contribute to genetic change/evolution.
How did lamak explain giraffes long ne
He believed that giraffes had long necks due to the extended use of stretching out the neck.
What was darwin’s theory of evolution
Daran believed evolution happened due to natural selection.
What is natural selection
It’s when favorable traits that help survival and reproduction are more likely to be passed down to the offspring. And unfavorable traits are forgotten due to death or infertility, resulting in evolution over time. This all occurs naturally in nature.
How would darwin explain drafts having long necks
Giraffes have long necks due to 2 drafts with long being able to reach food and the ones with short and dying due to the competition. Over time, this result in only long necks
What is a genetic trait
Traits are pasted down from parent genes. Ex hair, eye color, height
What is punctuated Equilibrium
Rapid change in evolution caused by natural disaster ( just an ex)
Exampl3s of natural selection
Moths changing to darker colors to hide better
Giraffes with long necks survive because they can beat competition
Finches have different beaks to meet the needs of a particular habitat
How do species maintain their distinctness
Geographical-ocean,mountain
Behavioral - courtship display
Physical size
Seasonal - short mating seasons
Habitat/ Ecological- Adapt for specific environment
