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Bio 30 > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is biology

A

The study of all living things

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2
Q

Unifying themes of biology

A

Cell structure
Stability and homeostasis
Reproduction and inheritance
Evolution
Interdependence of organisms
Matter, energy, and organization

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3
Q

What are unicellular and multicellular organisms

A

Uni- made up of one cell
Multi- made up of multiple cells

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4
Q

What is homeostasis + example

A

Stable internal conditions like temp, water content, food intake.
The human body will maintain a temp of 37°c range

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5
Q

What is reproduction

A

The process of transmitting hereditary info to offspring

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6
Q

What is DNA

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid holds hereditary info. These instructions tell cells how to function.

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7
Q

Sexual + asexual reproduction

A

Sexual -> hereditary info comes from to parent organisms of the same species

Asexual-> hereditary info is from one parent ( they end up identical)

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8
Q

What is natural selection

A

The driving force of evolution. Animals with more favorable traits for competition and reproduction will naturally be more likely to survive and past down those traits to offspring.

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9
Q

A short segment of DNA that contains the development of a single trait is known as ?

A

Gene

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10
Q

What is differentiation

A

As cells in a multicellular organism multiply, they become different from each other in a process called differentiation

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11
Q

Why are cells the basic unit of life

A

All orgamlnism are made of and develop from cells

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12
Q

How can cells with the same DNA act diffrent

A

Cells only use the DNA appropriate to their function.

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13
Q

What us a microscope

A

An instrument that produces an enlarge image of an object. Used for bio

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14
Q

What is megnfucation

A

The increase of an object’s apparent size

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15
Q

What is resolution

A

The power to show details clearly

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16
Q

What is the compound light microscope

A

A light source directs light upward. The light passes through the specimen and through the objective lens, which enlarges the image. Then by the ocular lens.

The compound light microscope is used to see small organisms or sliced organisms

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17
Q

What is a transmission electron microscope

A

A transition electron microscope transmits beams of electrons through a very thinly sliced specimen. Lenses, then magnify it and produce an image.

This allows you to see a two d image of the inside of the specimen.
The specimen has to be dead to be use

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18
Q

What is a scanning electron microscope

A

A scanning electron microscope produces a three d image of the specimen. This specimen is paid with a fine metal coating. A beam of electrons is passed over the specimen’s surface. This causes the metal coating to emit a shower of electrons. These electrons are projected onto a fluorescent screen, producing an image.

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19
Q

What is the magnification of each microscope

A

The TEM magnifies 200,000 times

The SEM Magnifies 100,000 times

The LM Magnifies 400 times

20
Q

What is an ecosyste

A

A community of organisms and their abiotic environment

21
Q

What do all cells have regarding function instruction

A

They are all surrounded by a membrane and contain a set of instructions necessary for making new cell part or cells from molecules they take in

22
Q

Why is differentiation

A

Sales become different as they multiply and followed various roles from genetic.Info

23
Q

What is interdependence of organisms

A

Organisms rely on the environment for substances such as nutrients water and gases
Their environment in return relies on the healthy functioning of organisms to stay stable

24
Q

What are autotrophs and hetero tropes

A

Autotroph’s obtain energy by making their own food like photosynthesis

Hetero trophs obtain energy by taking in food.These are animals and

25
Q

What is matter energy and organization When regarding cells

A

Living things have highly organized structures that must be maintained in their way orderly state by constant supply of energy

26
Q

Name characteristics of life

A

Cells
Organization
Energy use
Homeostasis
Growth
Reproduction

27
Q

Why are cells are characteristic of life

A

All of these things are made of cells

28
Q

Why is organization a characteristic of life

A

All living things are organized in a savvier and molecular level
Cells organized by function
Substance organized in complex ways

29
Q

Why is energy?Use a characteristic of life

A

Energy is used by all living things for metabolism ( Some of all chemical process in organisms)
Maintain molecular and cellular organization
Needed for growth in reproduction

30
Q

Why is growth a characteristic of life

A

Living things grow as a result of cell division and cell enlargement,

31
Q

Self division in unicelia organisms versus multicilier

A

Cell division with uni cellular results in more organisms
Multicellular Cell division results in growth and development ( This makes adult cells arise and causes differentiation)

32
Q

Why is reproduction a characteristic of life

A

All species of organisms can reproduce.It’s not necessary for individual survival, but it is for the survival for the species as a whole

33
Q

Why is homeostasis a characteristic of life

A

All living things maintain stable internal conditions.If they don’t they’ll die

34
Q

Why have not all organisms been found

A

They are too small to see or in areas that are hard to reach, like deep in the ocean or in dangerous areas

35
Q

What is a hypothesis

A

Is a stament that explains their observation and can be tested

36
Q

What is a prediction

A

Is a statement made in advance that’s states the result that will be obtained from the testing hypothesis if successful

37
Q

What us a experiment

A

Is the process of testing a hypothesis or prediction by gathering data under a controlled conditions

38
Q

What is a controlled expermint

A

Based on the comparison of a control group and experimental gtoup

39
Q

What is the controls group

A

That group does not have the independent variable
Ex the mice with no amount of drug

40
Q

What is the experimental group

A

The group with the independent factor
Ex. The mice are given a drug

41
Q

What is the dependant vairble

A

Dependent on the result of the independent variable

42
Q

What is the independent varable

A

The factor that is different between the controle group and experimental group

The amount of drug in salt water

43
Q

What is inferring

A

Is a conclusion made on the basis of facts or premise rather than on direct observation

44
Q

What is a theory

A

Is a broad and comprehensive statement of what is thought to be true

45
Q

What is model

A

An explanation supported by data

Bio 30 (6 decks)

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