Chapters 15.1 - 15.3 Flashcards
What is extinction
The death of a species
What is mast extinction
A period in time where multiple species went extinct
This most likely resulted from drastic changes in the environment, like natural disasters
What is a fossil
A trace of a long dead organism
What is fitness one related to evolution
An organism that reproduces more successfully than other individuals
What is a homologous structure
These are similar features that originated in a shared ancestor.
Ex Bird beaks, the forearm of a penguin, human, bat, or alligator
How do hamanuculous features occur
Modifications that change their original features to 2 extreme different types such as wing and an arm
What Analogous
features of different species that are similar in function but not necessarily in structure and which do not derive from a common ancestral feature
What is co evolution
The change of two or more species in close association, with each other
Ex Fruit bats and plants. Play evolving to be easily found so that fruit back can carry out pollen. Bat, developing a long nose.
How does convergent evolution occur
Convergence is when different groups develop in the same way due to similar environments
What is divergent evolution
Divergence occurs when organisms from this species become so different that they can no longer interbreed. Due to natural selection
How does divergent evolution occur
Divergent evolution is a response to differing habitats and usually results in a new species
What is adapt radiation
Many related species evolve from a single ancestral species
Examples of homologuos features
Beaks of flinches
All vertebrae have skeletons
Ex of analogous Features
The wings of the hummingbird and humming moth
Example of vestigial structure
The human appendix
Whales has the structure for lakes
The human tailbone
