Evolution Flashcards
What happened in the Paleozoic era?
Fish develop
First land plants
First insects, amphibians and reptiles
What happened in the Mesozoic era?
Dinosaurs dominate
First birds, mammals and flowering plants
What happened in the Cenozoic era?
Dinosaurs become extinct
Mammals and bird dominate
Humans evolve
What are examples of relative dating?
Using strata and the fact that fossils are the same age as the rocks they are found in
What is radioactive dating?
Using the rate rod decay of radioactive isotopes to figure out the half-life of something
What is the process of natural selection?
- More offspring are born than will survive
- Variation in a species- genetic mutations
- A selective agent acts on population
- Best adapted survive to reproduce
- The population changes
What are homologous/analogous structures?
Homologous- characteristics that have the same structure but don’t have the same function- evidence for common ancestor
Analogous- characteristics that have the same structure but have evolved separately
How does Cytochrome C work?
A chromosome that all organisms share and by comparing how many amino acids are in the same position it shows how closely related 2 species are
How does DNA hybridisation work?
Where strands of DNA are separated, heated and joined to another species DNA and time how long they stay joined
What happened with the peppered moth?
They are usually white with black speckles— in 19th century during industrialisation moths with mutation that causes them to be black became widespread because they were better camouflaged— natural selection
What happened with antibiotic resistance?
Bacteria have mutations which cause them to be resistant to antibiotics— don’t get killed by them and it proliferates until an entire species is antibiotics resistant. E.g. MRSA
What happened in the Pre-Cambrian era?
Life develops- stromatolites and bacteria
