evaluation of humanistic approach

Question 1

holistic

Answer 1

A holistic rather than reductionist approach to explaining behaviour - humanists reject any attempt to break up behaviour into smaller components.
Therefore it considers every factor that could influence behaviour so increases the validity of this approach.
It looks at own experiences so is detailed/ in depth.

Question 2

positive approach

Answer 2

This approach has been praised for ‘bringing the person back into psychology’ and promoting the positive image of the human condition as it sees all people as being good, free to work towards the achievement of their potential and in control of their lives - therefore offers a positive and optimistic approach to behaviour.

Question 3

cultural bias

Answer 3

Many of the ideas that are central to humanistic psychology, such as individual freedom, autonomy and personal growth, would be more readily associated with individualistic cultures in the western cultures like the USA.
Therefore it is not generalisable.

Question 4

practical application - therapy

Answer 4

This approach has given rise to Carl Rogers developing client centred therapy.
The point here is to reduce the gap between the self-concept and the ideal self and to help people cope with the problems of everyday living. This “closing the gap” should build feelings of congruence.
Rogers saw one of his roles as an effective therapist as being able to provide his clients with the unconditional positive regard that they failed to receive as children.
The focus on unconditional positive regard should build positive conditions of worth.
However, counselling cannot tackle the causes of serious disorders that have a biological basis such as schizophrenia and OCD.

Question 5

mental health issues

Answer 5

Researchers found teenagers who feel they have to fulfil certain conditions in order to gain parents approval frequently end up not liking themselves.
This creates a ‘false self’, pretending to be the kind of person that their parents want them to be and can result in depression developing and losing touch with their own true self.
Shows that conditions of worth and conditional positive regard can lead to mental health issues.