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HOA 2 > European Architecture > Flashcards

European Architecture Flashcards

1
Q

diverse use of historic styles in 19th century European architecture broad range of styles from the 19thcentury architects would choose from

A

European Architecture

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2
Q

The ______________ had stimulated interest in a great variety of architecture, both Western and exotic. During the 19th century architecture, the movement became increasingly comprehensive, so architects were better informed than ever about the architecture of the past.

A

Picturesque Movement

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3
Q

is a historic building located in the center of the main marketplace of a European town. It was built from medieval times into the 18th century.

A

cloth hall or linen hall

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4
Q

a new building type that spread all over Europe

A

railways and transport stations

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5
Q

a new building type that took the place of aristocratic private collections of art

A

Museums

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6
Q

What were the materials used in European architecture?

A

Stones and bricks
timber
structural ironwork and glass sheets
cast iron frames
reinforced concretes

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7
Q

1830-1850 coincides with _____ phase of British architecture

A

british

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8
Q

1850-1870 coincides with the ______

A

french second empire

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9
Q

1870-1900 coincides with the earlt period of the _________

A

german second reich

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10
Q

prevalent in the 19th century during the reign of Queen Victoria in the United Kingdom; embraced eclecticism, meaning it drew inspiration from a variety of architectural styles and time periods. Characterized by: modestly ornate, colorful brickworks, towers, turrets, steep gables, and pitched roofs

A

Victorian architecture

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11
Q

an era in Central Europe between 1815 and 1848; emphasis on home life for the growing middle class meant the blossoming of furniture design and interior decorating

A

Biedermeier Design

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12
Q

refers to the architectural practice of drawing inspiration from historical architectural styles

A

Historicism

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13
Q

She was of the first women architects in Poland

A

Janina Zofia Czarnecka

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14
Q

this classical building features a colonnade reminiscent of the eastern façade of the Louvre; Commissioned by a Polish Nobleman, Edward Raczyński, to provide educational facilities for the public

A

Biblioteka Raczynskich or Raczynski Library

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15
Q

Who designed the Raczynski Library

A

Janina Zofia Czarnecka

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16
Q

Its giant colonnade of 24 Corinthian columns is punctuated only by a slightly wider central intercolumniation; exemplifies the kind of Rational Classicism which was promoted at the Ecole des Beaux-Artes in Paris

A

Palais de Justice

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17
Q

Who was the designer of Palais de Justice

A

Louis Pierre Baltard

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18
Q

Built to house the works of the Danish sculptor Bertel Thorvaldsen; Greek Revival in spirit and to some extent Egyptian Architecture, especially in the internal courtyards

A

Thorvaldens Museum

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19
Q

He was a key figure in a shift in Danish Architecture from late classicism to historicism

A

Michael Gottlieb Birckner Bindesboll

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20
Q

The external walls in the Thorvaldsens Museum was by _________, depict the transportation of the content of the museum from Rome

A

Joorgen Sonne

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21
Q

one of the most magnificent Neo-Classical monuments in Britain; used as both a law court and civic hall; a forum for noteworthy Victorians to hold readings, lectures, and performances

A

St. George’s hall

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22
Q

Who was the designer of St George’s Hall?

A

Harvey Lonslade Elmes

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23
Q

after Elme’s death, ___________ was responsible for the sumptuous decoration of the concert room

A

Charles Cockerell

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24
Q

has an arcaded portico set in front of curved iron roofs over the platforms; forms part of the Victorian development of central Newcastle with its handsome Classical streets.

A

Central Station

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25
Q

The Central station was designed mostly by

A

John Dobson

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26
Q

one of the designs he initiated for the Renaissance Revival and the “Palazzo” model in England; two-story stuccoed façade of five regular bays is made asymmetrical by the location of the main entrance in an end bay

A

Travelers’ club, Pall Mall

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27
Q

Travelers’ club was designed by

A

Sir Charles Barry

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28
Q

it is stone-faced, three stories high, and nine bays long, with a central entrance; renaissance features are treated more confidently than before, with half-columns to the first-floor windows and a bolder cornice

A

Reform club, pall mall

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29
Q

Reform club was designed by

A

Sir Charles Barry

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30
Q

an Italianate clock tower rises from the center; consists of two arched sheds expressed in the vast stock-brick arches of the façade

A

King’s Cross Station

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31
Q

King’s Cross Station was designed by

A

Lewis Cubitt

32
Q

a large stone church of cruciform plan, with all crossing tower and spire; designed in the geometrical Gothic style of the 13th century

A

St. Giles Church

33
Q

St Giles Church was designed by __________ and _________

A

Sir George Gilbert Scott and W.B. Moffatt

34
Q

was a cruciform Gothic church, much more enriched with tracery and pinnacles; Germanic openwork spire that is 147m high

A

St. Nikolai Kirche Church

35
Q

St. Nikolai Kirche Church was designed by

A

Sir George Gilbert Scott

36
Q

a prodigious building Victorian country house; boldly modelled façade and ebullient skyline of cupolas, gables and chimney stacks

A

Harlaxton Hall

37
Q

Harlaxton hall was designed by _______ and ______ for Gregory Gregory

A

Anthony Salvin and William Burn

38
Q

an embodiment of the Second FrenchEmpire style, incorporating Late Renaissance details in the facades punctuated by grand pavilions with distinctive mansard roofs.

A

New Louvre

39
Q

New Louvre was designed by __________

A

Luduvico Tullio Joachim Visconti

40
Q

a masterpiece of High Victorian Classicism; asserts the independence and pride of a prosperous industrial city

A

Town Hall

41
Q

The town hall in Leeds, England was designed by

A

Cuthbert Brodrick

42
Q

stands on a height overlooking the city and builds up pyramidally to a domed tower above the central great hall

A

Palais de Justice

43
Q

Palais de Justice in Brussels, Belgium was designed by

A

Joseph Poelaert

44
Q

planned on a difficult triangular site, and resolves the awkward central angles by skillful devices of projecting bays and blocks

A

Town Hall, Manchester

45
Q

The town hall in Manchester was designed by

A

Alfred Waterhouse

46
Q

one of the last important buildings to be erected in the High Victorian Gothic Style; the design is highly personal to Street, who executed 3000 drawings by his own hand

A

Royal Courts of Justice in London

47
Q

The Royal Courts of Justice in London was designed by

A

George Edmund Street

48
Q

shows a development of the Baroque in the New Louvre; Characterized throughout by opulent grandeur

A

Palais Garnier or Opera House

49
Q

The Palais Garnier was designed by

A

Charles Garnier

50
Q

formerly “The Midland Grand Hotel”; an outstanding example of Scott’s secularGothic style, blending Italian, French, and flemish elements in a high Victorian way

A

St. Pancras Hotel and Station Block

51
Q

St Pancras Hotel was designed by

A

Sir George Gilbert Scott

52
Q

replaced a small station; architectural detail is of Neo-Classical character but with some disparities in scale; the façade is crowned by the figure of Paris and eight others representing northern European cities

A

Gare du Nord

53
Q

Gare du Nord was designed by

A

Jacques Ignace Hittorf

54
Q

built as a thank-offering following the failed assassination of the Emperor; In Gothic style, heralded by tall, slender western towers with open belfries and crocketed steeples

A

Votivkirche

55
Q

Votivkirche was designed by

A

Heinrich von Fertsel

56
Q

built on a scale suitable for its role as a symbol of the Second Reich; its Baroque Classicism, handled with assurance, a little ponderous in some of the details

A

Reichstag building

57
Q

Reichstag building was designed by

A

Paul Wallot

58
Q

Also known as “Vittoriano” or “Altare della Patria”; built on the slopes of the Capitol to commemorate the nation’s first king and a unified Italy

A

Victor Emmanuel II Monument

59
Q

Victor Emmanuel II Monument was designed by

A

Giuseppe Sacconi

60
Q

this museum retraces the history of Italian unification by means of various historical objects and documents: flags, archives, weapons, etc.

A

Museum of the Risorgimento

61
Q

a suavely eclectic design, blending medieval and Renaissance elements in composition whose symmetry is counteracted by a refined bell-tower

A

Town Hall in Copenhagen

62
Q

The Town hall in Copenhagen was designed by

A

Martin Nyrop

63
Q

Inaugurated in 1900 as the “Palais des Beaux-Arts de la Ville de Paris” or Palace of Fine Arts of the City of Paris; designed for the International Exhibition of 1900, along with the neighboring GrandPalais and Pont Alexander

A

Petit Palais

64
Q

The Petit Palais was designed by

A

Charles Louis Girault

65
Q

The Petit Palais now houses the

A

City of Paris Museum of Fine Arts

66
Q

stands with its cluster of white domes on top of Butte Montmartre, a large hill in Paris; one of the landmarks of Paris

A

Basilica of Sacre- Coeur de Montmartre

67
Q

Basilica of Sacre- Coeur de Montmartre was designed by

A

Paul Abadie

68
Q

exemplifies the architect’s refined Gothic Revival style, with lancet windows and sharp spires rising from square towers to give a powerful vertical emphasis

A

Truro Cathedral

69
Q

Truro Cathedral was designed by

A

John Loughborough Pearson

70
Q

is built in Arts and Crafts Gothic Revival Architecture; it is also known as the Church of the Holy and Undivided Trinity with Saint Jude

A

Holy Trinity Church

71
Q

The Holy Trinity Church was designed by

A

John Dando Sedding

72
Q

based on the revival of Byzantine Architecture; short transepts with twin-barrel vaults abut the easternmost dome of the nave

A

Westminster Cathedral

73
Q

Westminster Cathedral was designed by

A

John Francis Bentley

74
Q

smallest of the three palaces built by KingLudwig II of Bavaria and the only one that was actually completed; finely executed Rococo interiors

A

Schloss Linderhof

75
Q

Schloss Linderhof was designed by

A

Georg Von Dollmann

76
Q
A

HOA 2 (15 decks)

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