Colonial and Post Colonial

Question 1

The architecture used by the first settlers in North America

Answer 1

Colonial Architecture

Question 2

Colonial architecture was diverse as the settlers themselves who included

Answer 2

Spanish, English, Scots-Irish, Dutch, German, French and Swedish

Question 3

How many were the basic colonial design

Answer 3

seven

Question 4

largely based on Spanish baroque architecture; was the earliest style to appear in America, and extended across Florida, New Mexico, Texas, Arizona, and California, from the mid-16th century onwards.

Answer 4

Spanish colonial architecture

Question 5

characterized by oak frames and clapboard siding, and based on English models; These homes are often marked by a centrally located front door, evenly spaced double-hung windows, and simple side-gabled roof

Answer 5

New England colonial architecture

Question 6

Employed more stone and brick; based on prototypes in Flanders and Holland

Answer 6

Dutch colonial architecture

Question 7

seen along the lower Delaware River, from which was derived the American ‘log cabin’ design, characterized by round logs with protruding ends.

Answer 7

Swedish colonial architecture

Question 8

This style, based on the classical forms of the Italian Renaissance, originally developed in England; the Georgian style

Answer 8

Pennsylvania colonial architecture

Question 9

it emerged in the northern Maritime Provinces in Canada, Quebec, and the St. Lawrence Valley.

Answer 9

French colonial architecture

Question 10

typically involving brick-built structures with large projecting chimneys, which sprang up throughout Virginia and the Carolinas

Answer 10

Southern colonial architecture

Question 11

the basic architectural style (or more accurately ‘styles’) used in the English colonies in America was labeled

Answer 11

Georgian

Question 12

Georgian was named after the three Monarchs named

Answer 12

George I, II, and III

Question 13

What are the three distinct styles of american georgian architecture

Answer 13

Baroque idiom, Palladian style of Renaissance architecture, Neoclassical style

Question 14

Who were the architects of Independence hall in Philidelphia?

Answer 14

Andrew Hamilton with Edmund Wooley

Question 15

When did the construction of Independece hall or Pennsylvania State house began

Answer 15

1732

Question 16

The Independence hall in Philadelphia was commissioned by

Answer 16

Pennsylvania colonial legislature

Question 17

Independence Hall is, by every estimate, the birthplace of the

Answer 17

United States

Question 18

It was here that the Constitution of the United States was debated, drafted, and signed. That document is the oldest federal constitution in existence and was framed by a convention of delegates from 12 of the original 13 colonies

Answer 18

Independence Hall, Philadelphia

Question 19

The King’s Chapel building that stands today was constructed between

Answer 19

1749 and 1754

Question 20

was built in 1774, and it was the final work of architect William Buckland

Answer 20

Hammond-Hardwood House

Question 21

With its carved doorway entrance, formal rooms, and elegant scale, the building blends the artistry of the finest Anglo-Palladian architecture with American sensibility

Answer 21

Hammond-Hardwood House

Question 22

A Georgian mansion in the Palladian style; designed by the Irish-American architect James Hoban, who modeled it on Leinster House in Dublin

Answer 22

The White House

Question 23

The white house was built in _________ imported from quarries along Aquia Creek in Virginia

Answer 23

sandstone

Question 24

At various times in history, the White House has been known as the

Answer 24

President’s Palace, President’s House, and Executive mansion

Question 25

is the oldest federal building in the nation’s capital

Answer 25

The White House

Question 26

U.S. architect who was the designer and builder of the White House in Washington, DC Hoban was trained in the Irish andEnglish Georgian style and worked in this design tradition throughout his architectural career

Answer 26

James Hoban

Question 27

What are the two basic variants of American Neoclassical Architecture

Answer 27

Federal style and Greek Revival style

Question 28

also known as the “Adam style”; late 18th century to early 19th century during theFederal period in the United States which incorporates elements of both Neoclassical and Georgian architecture

Answer 28

Federal style

Question 29

directly inspired by the classical architecture of ancient Greece; fueled by a fascination with Greek democracy and ideals, as well as archaeological discoveries of ancient Greek architecture

Answer 29

Greek-revival style

Question 30

most iconic feature of Greek Revival architecture is the use of _________________ as support elements, often used to create a colonnade on the front of the building

Answer 30

Greek Doric, Ionic or Corinthian columns

Question 31

Notable American architects who produced Federal Style designs included:

Answer 31

Charles Bulfinch, William Thorton, Asher Benjamin, Samuel McIntire, and Alexander Parris

Question 32

completed in 1798; designed by American-born architect Charles Bulfinch it is a Neoclassical-Federal style inspired by Greek and Roman temples of Europe

Answer 32

Massachusetts State House

Question 33

most recognizable feature of the State House

Answer 33

golden dome

Question 34

a thriving seaport and commercial center in the late 18th and early 19th centuries; serves as a valuable architectural record of the changing tastes and influences in early American design

Answer 34

Salem, Massachusetts

Question 35

is the earliest surviving municipal structure in Salem; it is a Federal Style building used as a public hall and contained Town offices until 1837

Answer 35

Old town hall or Market House

Question 36

The first floor of the old own hall was designed as a

Answer 36

public market

Question 37

Built in 1805 on the newly laid out ChestnutStreet, Salem; widely recognized as one of the most important Federal buildings in America

Answer 37

Hamilton hall

Question 38

He was the one who designed and built Hamilton hall by Salem’s famed architect and woodcarver

Answer 38

Samuel McIntire

Question 39

Located in the capital city of Columbia, thebuilding also housed the Supreme Court until 1971

Answer 39

South Carolina State House

Question 40

First designer of South Carolina State House

Answer 40

P.H Hammarskold

Question 41

completed much of the interior work of South Carolina State House from 1888 to 1891

Answer 41

Frank McHenry Niernsee

Question 42

In 1900 ______ began as an architect in the South Carolina State House

Answer 42

Frank Pierce Milburn

Question 43

referred to as the “oldest residential street in America“; a historic street in Philadelphia, dating back to 1703, providing insight into early American Architecture and urban life.

Answer 43

Elfreth’s Alley, Philadelphia

Question 44

there are __ houses on the street, built 1703-1836 in theFederal style of architecture (symmetrically arranged facades, brick construction, fanlights

Answer 44

32

Question 45

Elfreth’s Alley is named after __________, an 18th-century blacksmith and property owner.

Answer 45

Jeremiah Elfreth

Question 46

commonly known as “My Old Kentucky Home”; a historic mansion planned and commissioned by Judge John Rowan and his wife Ann Lytle.

Answer 46

Federal Hill Mansion

Question 47

the third President of the United States (1801-1809) was also a fine architect; drew significant architectural influence from the works of Andrea Palladio, particularly his treatise, “The Four Books of Architecture”

Answer 47

Thomas Jefferson

Question 48

based on the central-plan buildings of Andrea Palladio; a reference for the American classical movement

Answer 48

Monticello House

Question 49

sits atop Shockoe or Capitol Hill and faces out the skyscrapers of downtown to the river; the form of the building was modeled on the Maison Carrée, a Roman temple in Nimes, France.

Answer 49

Virginia State Capitol

Question 50

What were the changes by Jefferson in the Virginia State Capitol?

Answer 50

Added windows, Corinthian orders to Ionic, and shortened the portico

Question 51

The crowning architectural achievement of the “academical village” at the University of Virginiacan be seen at the north end of the campus

Answer 51

Rotunda, University of Virginia

Question 52

Called _______, it should look immediately familiar to anyone with even a passing knowledge of Western architecture, as Jefferson designed itas a half-sized version of the ancient Roman Pantheon

Answer 52

The Rotunda

Question 53

British-American neoclassical architect; one of the first formally trained, professional architectsin the new United States

Answer 53

Benjamin Henry Boneval Latrobe

Question 54

designed the United States Capitol and Old Baltimore Cathedral or The Baltimore Basilica

Answer 54

Benjamin Henry Boneval Latrobe

Question 55

The Baltimore Basilica was later named to

Answer 55

Basilica of the National Shrine of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary

Question 56

Designed by Latrobe for usefor stock exchange, customshouse, bank, hotel, and postoffice; largest structure in Americaat the time

Answer 56

Merchants’ Exchange, Baltimore

Question 57

meeting place of the United StatesCongress; possibly the most culturally and historically important building in theUnited States, it has been home to Congress since 1800

Answer 57

United States Captiol

Question 59

a physician with no formal architectural training; his plans were accepted though it wassubmitted months after the closure of adesign competition held in 1792

Answer 59

Dr. William Thornton

Question 59

Containing the Senate chamber; completed first

Answer 59

North wing of the United States Capitol

Question 59

designed the basic plan of Washington DC

Answer 59

Pierre Charles L’Enfant

Question 60

completed the remainder of the building; appointed by Jefferson as Surveyor of Public Buildings in 1803

Answer 60

Benjamin Latrobe

Question 60

The Capitol is situated on __________ at the eastern end of Pennsylvania Avenue.

Answer 60

Capitol Hill

Question 61

It symbolizes the nation’s health

Answer 61

tobacco leaves

Question 62

It symbolizes the countrys bounty

Answer 62

corncobs

Question 63

containing the chamber of the House of Representatives (completed in 1807)

Answer 63

United States Capitol

Question 64

distinguished Boston architect; built the first copper-sheathed dome, (again adhering to Thornton’s original design)

Answer 64

Charles Bulfinch

Question 65

In ______ Congress approved acompetition for a design to expandboth wings of the Capitol

Answer 65

1850

Question 66

a Philadelphian architect; finished the extension of the southwing in 1857 and the north wing in1859

Answer 66

Thomas Ustick Walter

Question 67

What was the major architectureal change in the Unites States Capitol?

Answer 67

replacement of the old Bulfinch dome

Question 68

it was the the first example of Greek Revival architecture in the United States and Latrobe’s first major project inPhiladelphia was to design the

Answer 68

Bank of Pennsylvania

Question 69

also known as Main Gate of the Washington Navy Yard; historic gatehouse located at the WashingtonNavy Yard in Southeast Washington, D.C

Answer 69

Latrobe Gate

Question 70

also called the Baltimore Basilica; first Roman Catholic cathedral built inthe United States

Answer 70

Basilica of the National Shrine of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary

Question 71

Who was the designer of the Basilica of the National Shrine of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary

Answer 71

Benjamin Henry Latrobe

Question 72

What are the two distinct element of the Baltimore Basilica

Answer 72

Longitudinal axis and a domed space

Question 73

what is a hexastyle

Answer 73

six columned portico

Question 74

what was the exterior walls of baltimore basilica made off?

Answer 74

silvery gray gneiss

Question 75

Baltimore Basilica was built under the guidance of the first American bishop of the Roman Catholic Church

Answer 75

John Carroll

Question 76

One of the most prominent American architects of his day, _______ is often called the “Dean of American architecture”

Answer 76

Richard Morris Hunt