Baroque And Rococo Flashcards
A style that emerged in Italy in late 16th century
Baroque Architecture
A technique employed in the visual arts to represent light and shados as they define three dimensional objects
Chiaroscuro
Protestant believers had rejected the authority of the Roman Pope and disavowed many Roman Catholic teachings
Protestant Reformation
Known as the _______, barqoue architecture was part of the Church’s campaign to entice congregants back into Catholic worship
Counter Reformation
A religious reform movement that swept through Europe in the 1500s which resulted in the creation of branch in Christianity called Protestantism
Protestant Reformation
Spearheaded by Jesuits; strengthened commitments to key catholic doctrines against protestant attacks
Counter Reformation Period
Even if space is actually small (Elements of Baroque Architecture)
Sense of Monumentality
Manipulation of the classical orders, curvature in walls and facades and the dynamic sequencing of spaces
Exemplifies a desire to create embodied experiences of architectural space
Use is often through reflective or glimmering surfaces, such as the extensive use of gold in interior church and palace decoration
Light plays a vital role
What are the defining characteristics of Baroque architecture
Vaulted cupolas
Twirling and swiveling colonnades
Rough stone and smooth stucco
Frescoes and ornately painted ceilings
Trompe l’oeil painting on the ceiling or wall
Use of complex form
Gilding on the interior amd exterior
Elaborate and highly decorative interior design
What does Trompe l’oeil mean
Deceives the eye
Process of applying extremely thin sheets of gold, called gold lead to a surface
Gilding
He wrote treatise on how to use the orders in Renaissance style
Giacomo da Vignola
Mother church in Rome of the Jesuit order and was designed by Giacomo da Vignola in 1568; the source of the so called Jesuit style of Architecture
The Church of Gesu
The facade of The Church of Gesu was done by
Giacomo della Porta on 1575
What cross plan did the Church of Gesu used
Latin cross plan
The dome of St. Peter’s Basilica was done by
Giacomo della Porta
Who started the construction of St Peters Basilica
Michelangelo
Finished the the cathedral (st peter) in Baroque fashion
Carlo Maderno
What were the two masterpieces of Bernini that is found in the basilica
Four story baldachin and Curving collonades
Is an indoor canopy over a respected object, such as an altar or throne
Baldachin
“Motherly arms of the church”; reach out to embrace the faithful and to bring people back to the church
Curving collonades
How many statues are there in the basilica and what does it represent
140; saints
Bernini’s most famous building is likely the small church of
Sant’ Andrea al Quirinale
Quirinal hills is one of the
Seven hills of rome
Was the master of curved wall architecture
Francesco Borromini
Best example of the Italian Baroque; the paired columns allowed him to frame art and create opening
San Carlo Alle Quatro
Experiment in curvature and form; Borromini used the convex and concave curves to create a complex shape to the nave and dome
San Ivo Della Sapienza
Was the most aggressive in his use of curved forms
Francesco Borromini
He was the most prominent architect of his time in Northern Italy; he was also a priest, mathematician and a writer
Camillo Guarino Guarini
Holds the Holy Shroud of Jesus; is a Baroque style Roman chapel in Turin in Northern Italy and is adjacent to the turin cathedral
La Cappella Della Sacra Sindone
Guarini used arches to emphasize the art and altars. This allowed him to create taller spaces for this cathedral
San Lorenzo Turin Cathedral
Designed and built under the supervision of Sir Christopher Wren and has an area of 6000sqm and a large central space under the dome for big congregation
Saint Paul’s Cathedral
also known as the mother church in London and was the tallest building in London from its construction until 1962
Saint Paul’s Cathedral
A strand of Baroque architecture that evolved in Spain
Churrigueresque
A blend of solominic columns and composite order by Guarino Guarini
Supreme order
Is in the shape of an inverted cone or obelisk
Churrigueresque column or estipite
What are the three most eye catching creations in spanish baroque
University of Valladolid, Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela and Hospicio de San Fernanco
A style of decorative art that evolved from the Baroque originating in France about 1720; a subset of Baroque
Rococo
Distinguished by fanciful, curved spatial forms and elaborate, profuse designs of shellwork and foliage intended for a delicate overall effect
Rococo
Rococo Characteristics
Displays shape of nature (leaves, shells, scrolls)
More simplified forms
Painted details
Predominately used in secular building
An acrhitect important for establishing classicism in Baroque architecture in mid 17th century France; his buildings are notable for their subtlely, elegance and harmony
Francois Mansart
Type of roof having two slopes on every side
Mansard roof
Mansard roof was employed by
Pierre Lescot
The Chateau was designed by renowned French architect Francois Mansart from 1630 to 1651. It is one of the best examples of Baroque architecture in France
Chateau de Maisons
Was the principal residence of the French kings from the time of Louis XIV to Louis XVI; provided the ultimate model for taste and style
Palace and Park of Versailles
Stretching towards the horizon, follows the path of the sun in the sky; originally dates from before the reign of Louis XIV “the sun king” but it was developed and extended by the gardener Andre Le Notre
The Grande Perspective
Widened the Royal way and dug the Grand Canal
Andre Le Notre
Menagerie means
To the south
Trianon means
To the north
Is the most important of the historical galleries created by Louis Philippe in the Palace and covers almost the entire first floor of the south wing and depicts nearly 15th centuries of french military success
The Gallery of Great Battles
The vaulted ceiling by Le Brun depicts the glorious history of Louis XIV during the first 18 years of his reign
Hall of Mirrors
Situated to the west of the palace, the gardens covers some of 800 hectares of land
Gardens of Versailles
Built from Francis I to Napoleon III together with tuileries, 45 acres constituting one of the most imposing palaces in Europe
Palais du Louvre
Was altered frequently throughout the Middle Ages
Louvre Palace
An extensive complex of 17th century structures and courtyards in Paris designed for the care and housing of disabled veterans and as a place of worship
St Louis des Invalides or Hotel National des Invalides
Situated on the left bank of the seine, the complex faces a gently sloping esplanade
St Louis des Invalides
Most of the complex St Louis des Invalides was designed and built by
Liberal Bruant, 1671-76
The domed structure in St Louis des Invalides was added by
Jules Hardouin Mansart, 1675-1706
More feminine, more private, more subtle versions of the dramatic baroque art
Rococo
Is a small pavilliom thats located in the park surrounding Nymphenburg Palace in Munich
Amalienburg
Were a luxurious good during 18th century and many wealthy people installed them
Mirrors
The front facade of _____ curves in several directions, and it contains a lot of complicated geometries found in late baroque and rococo architecture
Zwiefalten abbey
Constructed in the heart of rococo age during the mid 18th century
Wurzburg resident
Frescoes in the wurzburg residence was by Venetian painter
Giovanni Bautista tiepolo
The overall facade is a very bright blue color and there is an abundance of gold trim around all the feneStration’s
Catherine palace
A large open space that was meant for gatherings and parties, floor is made from an elaborate assortment of the woods, walls are covered with gold plated carvings
Palace ballroom
Created as a response to excessive complexity of Rococo buildings
Neoclacissm
What room in palaces is meant for socialization with guests
Salon
Spaces produced by attics of mansard roofs are usually used as living quarters of
Maids
This feature of the Versales, is used to host displays of the king’s fleet of vessels during the summer and its frozen surface for skating and sledding during the winter
Grand canal
French luxurious rural residence
Chateau
French urban palaces
Palais
French urban town houses
Hotel
This principle of architectural design becomes a natural requirement in Renaissance Architecture due to the strict rules on proportion, harmony and linearity.
Principal of symmetry
Vitruvius figured out proper methods for the construction of these architectural elements, helping Brunelleschi and Michelangelo formulate designs of some prominent examples of these elements in Renaissance Architecture. What architectural element is being referred to?
Dome
Rococo art usually features these types of party landscapes of beautifully dressed party goers in lush landscapes
Fete Galantes
